Characterization of dimethoate resistance in Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa): resistance selection, cross-resistance to
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Characterization of dimethoate resistance in Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa): resistance selection, cross-resistance to three insecticides and mode of inheritance Ansa Banazeer & Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal & Sarfraz Ali Shad
Received: 5 January 2020 / Accepted: 1 July 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Dusky cotton bug Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) has been found to infesting cotton and other plants in Pakistan and some other countries. However, in Pakistan the increasing infestation of O. hyalinipennis was controlled with different insecticides, but some degree of resistance has been reported. Inheritance and cross-resistance of dimethoate resistance selection have not been documented in O. hyalinipennis previously. Therefore, this study for the first time characterized dimethoate resistance in O. hyalinipennis by inducing it in the laboratory for six generations. The selected population was 9.70- and 157-fold resistant compared with the field and laboratory population, respectively. The dimethoate resistance selection did not bring about any cross-resistance with lambda-cyhalothrin (1.47-fold) but had a very low cross-resistance with chlorfenapyr (3.03-fold) and acephate (2.21-fold) compared with the field population. The overlapping in 95% confidence limits of LC 50 ratios of F 1 (R♀ × S♂) and F1 ` (R♂ × S♀)
indicated the lack of maternal effects, whereas their degree of dominance of 0.54 and 0.51 suggested an incompletely dominant resistance inheritance. Multiple factors were involved in dimethoate resistance as implied from Chi-square analyses of backcrosses. In conclusion, O. hyalinipennis develops easily resistance to dimethoate due to selection. Lack of/or very low crossresistance with lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorfenapyr and acephate implies that these insecticides can be used in rotation. Moreover, dimethoate resistance inheritance was incompletely dominant, autosomal and polygenic which implies that resistance to dimethoate can be delayed by using it in rotations, alterations, mosaics and combinations.
A. Banazeer : M. B. S. Afzal : S. A. Shad (*) Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan e-mail: [email protected]
Oxycarenus (Samy 1969) is a genus with 55 species out of which 6 species have been reported as pests (Schaefer & Panizzi 2000). The dusky cotton bug, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) is indigenous to Africa with worldwide distribution (Halbert & Dobbs 2010). It has become an economic pest of cotton Gossypium hirsutum L. but also feeds on approximately 40 hosts from Malvaceae and other 11 plant families (Holtz 2006). In Pakistan, O. hyalinipennis has been found to feed on 31 different hosts including cotton ( S h a h e t a l . 2 01 6 ) . N y m p h s a nd a d u l t s o f
A. Banazeer e-mail: [email protected] M. B. S. Afzal (*) Citrus Research Institute, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords Dimethoate . Dusky cotton
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