Dynamic mechanical analysis and morphology of nanostructured acrylic coatings
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Dynamic mechanical analysis and morphology of nanostructured acrylic coatings Rubén Castillo-Pérez1,2, Ángel Romo-Uribe1* and Jamil Baghdachi3 1 Laboratorio de Nanopolimeros y Coloides, Instituto de Ciencias Fisicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca Mor. 62210, MEXICO. 2 Departamento de Ingeniería Química Metalúrgica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico D.F. 04510, MEXICO. 3 Coatings Research Institute, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti MI 48197, U.S.A. *To whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected] ABSTRACT The addition of nanoparticles into polymeric materials has changed dramatically the properties of the host polymers, promising a novel class of composite materials with different properties and added functionalities. This research focuses on the influence of inorganic nanospheres particles such as SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2 and nanoplatelets, such as Bentonite nanoclay, on the thermo-mechanical properties of a polyacrylic latex (utilized in commercial coatings). The analysis of the thermal and mechanical properties showed a decrease of Young's modulus and glass transition temperature Tg in the presence of spherical nanoparticles. However, there was an increase of these properties in the presence of nanoplatelets (Bentonite), as demonstrated by the dynamic mechanical analysis and uniaxial tensile analysis. Moreover, water contact angle measurements demonstrated significant increase in hydrophobic behavior when incorporating nanosphere particles as compared to nanoplatelets. These results showed that the metallic oxides nanoparticles greatly influenced the physical and mechanical properties of the neat polyacrylic matrix. INTRODUCTION Polymers nanocomposites can be constructed by dispersing nanofiller material into a polymeric matrix. Different types of nanofillers are currently utilized, e.g. nanoclays, carbon nanotubes, electrospun polymeric nanofibers, graphenes, and hybrid organic– inorganic nanoparticles such as polyhedral silsesquioxane (POSS). The effect of the fillers on the composites’ properties depends on their concentration, the shape and particle size, aggregate size, surface characteristics, and degree of dispersion. There is now a clearer understanding of the benefits afforded by inclusion of nanoparticles into a polymer matrix, the type of nanofiller dictating the properties and benefits to the polymer matrix. For instance, alumina nanoparticles and nanoclays can induce flame resistance, silver nanoparticles can induce antibacterial properties, silica nanoparticles can induce hydrophobic properties, nanoclays also can induce barrier properties, and so on [1]. The most common methods to produce polymer nanocomposites are melt compounding (favored by industry as no solvent is required) [2, 3], in-situ polymerization [4-6], and solvent dissolution of polymer matrix and mixing with the nanoparticles (the least favored as solvent removal and disposal is required adding to cost). [7, 8] It has been reported that the degree of di
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