Dynamic Relationship-Zone Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Networks
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Dynamic Relationship‑Zone Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Networks Yan‑Zhi Hu1 · Feng‑Bin Zhang1 · Tian Tian1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A new dynamic relationship-zone routing protocol (DRZRP) for ad hoc networks is proposed. In this protocol, each node in the network establishes a neighboring-zone with a radius of ρ hops, and activates a relationship-zone according to the service request frequency and service hotspot condition. DRZRP establishes proactive routing for neighboring-zone and relationship-zone of the node, and the relationship-zone of the node can be dynamically maintained, including: initialization, relationship-zone activation, and relationship-zone inactivation. The simulation results are compared with LSR, ZRP and ZHLS protocols, and DRZRP greatly reduces the communication overhead of routing control messages and significantly improves the average delay of routing requests. The new protocol matches the service relationship among nodes in the network, and has comprehensive performance advantage in communication overhead and routing request delay, which improves the quality of network service. Keywords Ad hoc network · Routing protocol · Relationship-zone · Communication overhead
1 Introduction Ad hoc network plays an important role in many scenarios with a non-central self-organizing application model. However, the scarce wireless channels in a multi-hop fashion and the dynamic topology have a large adverse effect on network information routing. Proactive routing protocol such as the link state routing (LSR) protocol uses too much bandwidth to maintain routing information, while reactive routing protocol (e.g. the ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol) has a much reduced control message load, but their longer routing request delays degrade the quality of real-time communication. To solve this problem, clustering or zone-based routing protocols in ad hoc networks are attractive solutions [1–3]. Further, the zone-based routing does not require cluster head selection and cluster update, and has received extensive attention [4]. * Yan‑Zhi Hu [email protected] 1
Communication NCO Academy, Army Engineering University of PLA, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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In Ref. [5], Samar et al. assume that most of the communications are in the vicinity and proposes zone-based routing protocol (ZRP), which establishes proactive routing in the vicinity of each node and establishes reactive routing in the peripheral area, thus meeting the low latency route establishment requirements of most communications while reducing the control message load. ZRP has always been a research hotspot, and much work has been done on improvements of ZRP [6–9]. ZRP and its enhanced protocols assume that more frequent communications occur among nodes in vicinity, that is, the frequency of service interaction is determined by the distance of physical space. If the proactive routing zone contains distant nodes, it is requir
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