Early responsiveness to continuous erythropoietin receptor activator predicts renal prognosis and is determined by a nov

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Early responsiveness to continuous erythropoietin receptor activator predicts renal prognosis and is determined by a novel antioxidative marker in non‑dialysis chronic kidney disease: a prospective, observational, single‑center study Jun Ino1 · Eri Kasama1 · Mio Kodama1 · Takako Harada1 · Keitaro Sato1 · Hitoshi Eizumi1 · Youichiro Kawashima1 · Kosaku Nitta2 Received: 28 October 2019 / Accepted: 4 March 2020 © Japanese Society of Nephrology 2020

Abstract Background  Responsiveness to erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) is important for anemia management in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We assessed the effects of a continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA) on renoprotection beyond anemia management and the correlation between the responsiveness to ESAs and oxidative stress markers in CKD. Methods  This single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted over 24 months. We administered CERA to 35 non-dialysis patients with hemoglobin (Hb)  13 g/dL. After excluding additional patients at 6 months (due to early renal death, all-cause death, study drop-out, renal transplantation, and active gastrointestinal bleeding), we prospectively observed 39 patients for 2 years or until a renal event occurred (primary endpoint). A renal event was defined as doubling of the serum creatinine level, decreased eGFR to  stage 3 (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]