Eco-friendly approach to control dengue vector Aedes aegypti larvae with their enzyme modulation by Lumnitzera racemosa
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Eco‑friendly approach to control dengue vector Aedes aegypti larvae with their enzyme modulation by Lumnitzera racemosa fabricated zinc oxide nanorods Pratik P. Dhavan1 · Bhaskar L. Jadhav1 Received: 8 December 2019 / Accepted: 30 March 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Aedes aegypti mosquito species is a primary vector for dengue, chikungunya and Zika infections, and vector control is the only key approach for reducing their transmission. The present study emphasizes on environmental friendly approach for the fabrication of zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) using aqueous extract of Lumnitzera racemosa flower buds (LB) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. ZnO NRs were examined by UV–Vis spectroscopy with characteristic absorbance band at 373.82 nm and bandgap of 3.25 eV. FT-IR analysis revealed the functional groups associated with ZnO NRs. The crystallinity of LB-ZnO NRs was further investigated using X-ray diffraction. The Zeta potential displayed a surface charge of − 23.5 mV on NRs. Energy dispersive spectra analysis and SEM analysis confirmed the formation of ZnO NRs whilst TEM highlighted the average length and diameter in the range of 250–300 nm and 45–50 nm respectively. LB-ZnO NRs were found to be efficacious against Ae. aegypti 4th instar larvae with L C50 of 24.74 μg/ml. Decreased acetylcholinesterase (60.6%) and glutathione S-transferase (24.4%) activities were also evaluated in Ae. aegypti larvae which were exposed to synthesized LB-ZnO NRs with no genetic aberrations. All these outcomes propose the potential employment of LB-ZnO NRs in mosquito control, as well as an effective alternative to insecticide resistance. Graphical abstract
* Pratik P. Dhavan, [email protected]; Bhaskar L. Jadhav, [email protected] | 1Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari campus, Santacruz (East), Mumbai 400098, India. SN Applied Sciences
(2020) 2:843
| https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2636-0
Vol.:(0123456789)
Research Article
SN Applied Sciences
(2020) 2:843
| https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2636-0
Keywords Aedes aegypti · Green synthesis · Lumnitzera racemosa · ZnO nanorods · Mosquito-larvicidal
1 Introduction Arthropods are hazardous vectors that could influence the growing global human and animal population as epidemics and pandemics of lethal pathogens [1]. The most important threats faced by mosquitoes worldwide are those (Diptera: Culicidae), which are the vectors of important diseases such as yellow fever, Western Nile virus (WNV), dengue, malaria and filariasis. Millions of individuals globally are at risk and endangering life due to mosquito-borne illnesses, and have such a heavy public health burden that they are blamed on continuous continental underdevelopment [2]. The knowledge about ecology and the control of mosquitoes is of crucial importance in the sense of integrated vector management, to combat the spread of many mosquito-borne diseases [3, 4]. Ae. aegypti (Linnaeus) is the primary dengue and Zika vector, a cosmotropic species. As
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