Ecomorphology of Cyclorrhaphan Larvae (Diptera)

This book offers an overview of the larva of Diptera Cyclorrhapha. It first discusses the principal forms, functions and roles of larvae, and then evaluates feeding, locomotion and respiration in larval saprophages, phytophages and zoophages as keys to un

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Graham E. Rotheray

Ecomorphology of Cyclorrhaphan Larvae (Diptera)

Zoological Monographs Volume 4

Series Editors Heike Feldhaar Tierökologie I, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa Centrum für Naturkunde, Wirbellose Tiere 1, Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, Germany

The book series Zoological Monographs is devoted to the study of the animal kingdom and covers all aspects of animals, both living and extinct, including taxonomy, systematics and evolution, biodiversity and biogeography, ecology, morphology and anatomy, physiology and behavior. The volumes in the series either discuss the biology of a single animal group, approach a topic from an interspecies level, or present recent methodologies. The series is intended for graduate students, university teachers, scientists and professionals. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15188

Graham E. Rotheray

Ecomorphology of Cyclorrhaphan Larvae (Diptera)

Graham E. Rotheray National Museums of Scotland Edinburgh, UK

ISSN 2523-3904 ISSN 2523-3912 (electronic) Zoological Monographs ISBN 978-3-319-92545-5 ISBN 978-3-319-92546-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92546-2 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

This book began life in 2015 as a talk to the Malloch Society, a group of Scottishbased dipterists. The talk was an attempt to evaluate and explain the knowledge gap existing between adult and larval stages in the cyclorrhaphan Diptera. Later an opportunity arose to write about research on cyclorrhaphan flies and this book is the result, and it takes poor knowledge of larvae as its central theme and expands on it. The primary