Editorial on 2020 biomaterials special issue
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EDITORIAL
Editorial on 2020 biomaterials special issue J. Carson Meredith 1 Published online: 21 August 2020 # Qatar University and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
The word “emergent” refers to that which is undergoing a process of coming into being or becoming more prominent. While the field of biomaterials is well-established, numerous developments are emerging in the field, and the purpose of this special issue is to capture these emergent elements. This special issue presents 10 papers that review advances in biomedical materials with an emphasis on emergent trends in three areas: (i) manufacturing and fabrication, (ii) materials design, (iii) physiological responses to materials. Furthermore, research in this field is becoming more global, with participation from more countries in Asia and the Middle East beyond the traditional contributions of Europe and North America. This volume aims to capture this new global emergence as well, by featuring submissions from diverse places including Belgium, Japan, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Turkey, and UAE. In the realm of manufacturing and fabrication, three papers in this special issue treat emerging aspects of the use of 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, in production of finely structured biomaterials, such as those useful for tissue engineering constructs. Alagoz and Hasirci review the application of open-source design software and its application to fused deposition modeling as a printing strategy. They detail examples of how interior and exterior architectures are precisely defined to produce implants suitable for specific dimensions and mechanical properties. This review offers valuable insight regarding the authors’ perceptions of limitations to the field, which can inform future research. Chief among these, according to the authors, is a lack of variety in biocompatible materials that can also be formed into filaments and melted as required for fused deposition modeling. Gokyurek et al. have contributed a review of the application of 3D printing to engineered scaffolds for endocrine glands. The paper describes how bioinks containing cells can be used to produce * J. Carson Meredith [email protected] 1
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
living cell-laden scaffolds in a layer-by-layer procedure, with application to major endocrine glands. Specifically, they present a detailed overview of endocrine function, 3D bioprinting technology, and examples toward printing of vascularized and functional endocrine glands such as the thyroid, parathyroid, and pancreas. Rounding out the fabrication papers, Cristian Felipe-Mendes and colleagues present a review of photopolymerization-based printing processes from conventional stereolithography to two-photon polymerization, capable of producing solid structures with a remarkable control over internal structures. One example reviewed by these authors is two-photon printing of acrylate-modified chitosan th
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