Education and the Public Interest School Reform, Public Finance, and
Economic globalization has been accompanied by implementation of education reforms linked to accountability and public finance schemes that emphasize student choice in schools and student loans in higher education. In the U.S. these reforms are rationaliz
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EDUCATION AND THE PUBLIC INTEREST School Reform, Public Finance, and Access to Higher Education
EDWARD P. ST. JOHN University of Michigan, USA
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN-10 ISBN-13
1-4020-5247-2 (HB) 978-1-4020-5247-7 (HB) 1-4020-5248-0 (e-book) 978-1-4020-5248-4 (e-book)
Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 2006 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
Contents
Figures and Tables
vii
About the Author and the Contributing Authors
xi
Acknowledgements
xiii
Introductio n
xvii
Part I. Public Policy and College Access Chapter 1. Globalization
3
Chapter 2. The Public Interest
25
Part II. State Indicators Chapter 3. Academic Access
57
Chapter 4. Financial Access
83
Chapter 5. Pathways and Markets
115
Part III. Student Outcomes: Reanalyses of the NELS Chapter 6. Access to Advanced Math
135
v
vi
Education and the Public Interest
Chapter 7. Enrollment
163
Chapter 8. Attainment
193
Part IV. The Public Interest Chapter 9. Improving Access and College Success
217
Chapter 10. Redefining the Public Interest
235
References
255
Index
269
Figures and Tables
Figure 2-1. Framework for assessing policy influence on educational opportunity: Linking education policy to educational outcomes
28
Figure 2-2. Pathways to College Network principles
44
Figure 2-3. A balanced access and attainment model
46
Table 3-1. Trends in the implementation of high school reforms in the 50 states and the District of Columbia
59
Table 3-2. Trends in SAT scores, high school graduation rates, and college enrollment rates for high school graduates
60
Table 3-3. Descriptive statistics for variables in the fixed effects analysis of SAT score, graduation rate, and enrollment rate averages across year for all U.S. states
62
Table 3-4. Three-step fixed effects regression for SAT combined scores in the states
67
Table 3-5. Three-step fixed effects regression for high school graduation rates in the states
69
Table 3-6. Three-step fixed effects regression for college enrollment rates in the states 71 Table 3-7. State reports on SAT scores: Change in average SAT scores 1990 to 2000 with policies significant in the fixed effects regression of combined SAT scores
vii
74
viii
Education and the Public Interest
Table 3-8. State reports on change in graduation rates: Change in graduation rates 1990 to 2000 with policies significant in fixed effects regression
77
Figure 4-1. Framework for assessing the impact of public finance strategies on postsecondary atta
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