Effect of air injection on pile and pile group behavior in liquefiable soil
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of air injection on pile and pile group behavior in liquefiable soil Farzad Rasekh 1
&
Afshin Omidi 1
&
Alireza Saeedi Azizkandi 1 & Habib Shahnazari 1
Received: 13 December 2019 / Accepted: 11 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Soil liquefaction during large earthquakes causes serious damage to structures built on foundations. In recent years, artificially injecting small amounts of air into liquefaction-susceptible soils has been proposed as a newly developed and cost-effective liquefaction mitigation method. Nevertheless, the liquefaction response of piles through this method has not been investigated so far. A series of 1g shaking table tests were conducted in this research to evaluate the liquefaction response of pile and pile group in air-injected partially saturated soils. The results have shown that air injection effectively reduces the liquefaction-induced settlements of pile and pile group. Also, this method has relatively reduced the excess pore pressure ratio. According to visual results and bending moments in piles, the depth of a liquefied soil layer decreases in air-injected partially saturated soils. Also, the deformation of soil structure is observed to decrease by injecting air into the samples. Despite these effects, larger accelerations are transmitted to the surface of the soil and consequently to the structure, and larger bending moments are applied to the piles in air-injected partially saturated samples. It was observed that at the low confining pressure, the effectiveness of this method is not a function of air injection duration. Keywords Liquefaction . Liquefaction mitigation . Air injection . Shaking table . Pile . Partially saturated soil
Introduction The liquefaction of loose saturated sands has severely damaged piles during earthquakes. One of the failure mechanisms of a pile during liquefaction is pile settlement. The liquefaction of soil under the tip and around the pile can cause major uncontrollable settlements (De Alba Pedro 1983; Madabhushi Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-020-01848-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Alireza Saeedi Azizkandi [email protected] Farzad Rasekh [email protected] Afshin Omidi [email protected] Habib Shahnazari [email protected] 1
School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
et al. 2010). Some of the prime examples of pile settlements during liquefaction include the Customs Tower located in Kandla Port, India, during the 2001 Bhuj earthquake, Juan Pablo II Bridge in Chile (2010), the Highway Bridge in El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake (2010) and the 14-storey building in the 2011 Tohoku pacific earthquake (Dash et al. 2009; Yen et al. 2011; Turner et al. 2016; Tokimatsu et al. 2012). For instance, during the liquefaction arising from the 2001 Bhuj earthquake, the ground settlement was about 30 cm near t
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