Effect of Binder Content and Solution/Binder Ratio on Alkali-Activated Slag Concrete Activated with Neutral Grade Water
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CIVIL ENGINEERING
Effect of Binder Content and Solution/Binder Ratio on Alkali‑Activated Slag Concrete Activated with Neutral Grade Water Glass Vikas Gugulothu1 · T. D. Gunneswara Rao1 Received: 20 September 2019 / Accepted: 25 May 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract Use of alkali-activated slag concrete (AASC) in replacing conventional concrete has become an environmentally friendly alternative construction technique. Alkali activation of fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) using NaOH and Na2SiO3 is well documented in the literature. GGBFS activated with alkaline solution produces less workable concrete with quick setting behaviour. In this investigation, GGBFS was used for preparing AASC using sodium silicate solution (neutral grade) with silica modulus (Ms) of 2.92 to assess the ability of this solution in arresting the quick setting aspect of GGBFS; setting time studies have been conducted to check the viability. The results indicated that neutral grade sodium silicate solution increases the setting time and hence can be used in the preparation of AASC. An experimental program was carried out to evaluate the workability and strength of concrete for different solution/binder ratios (0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75 and 0.8) and different binder quantities (400, 500 and 600 kg/m3). Results obtained indicated that the range of compressive strength for these binder contents varied from 60 to 80 MPa. Workability of these mixes ranged from 80 to 110 mm. The results of the present investigation show that alkali-activated concretes can be activated with neutral grade sodium silicate solution under ambient curing, which is more suitable for application in construction industry. Keywords Alkali-activated slag concrete · Neutral grade sodium silicate solution · Setting time · Workability · Compressive strength
1 Introduction Worldwide, the second most commonly used material after water is concrete, and its use is expected to increase with increasing urbanization. Cement production produces tremendous amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that in turn lead to depletion of the ozone layer, adversely affecting the environment. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission process from the cement comprises about 90% of global CO2 emissions from industrial processes [1], with the total cement industry emissions accounting for almost 8% of universal CO2 emissions [2–4]. The development of alkaliactivated binders with remarkable long-term engineering qualities has enabled such binders to substitute traditional Portland cement (PC). Unlike conventional concrete, AASC production involves low energy efficiency and low CO2 * T. D. Gunneswara Rao [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana State, India
emissions, as well as high initial mechanical strength, high stability in aggressive environments and high temperature resistance [5]. The research and progress of alkaline-activated materials, in particular
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