Effect of electropulsing-ultrasonic surface treatment on the surface properties and the corrosion behavior of 45 steel
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Haibo Wang Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China; and Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
Shuo Zhang and Guolin Song Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China
Song-Zhu Kure-Chu Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Iwate University, Iwate 020-8551, Japan
Xinglong Wang Shenzhen Pingjin Corporation, Shenzhen 518100, People’s Republic of China
Jie Kuang and Guoyi Tanga) Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China; and Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China (Received 13 January 2016; accepted 14 March 2016)
In the present study, the surface properties and the corrosion behavior of a nanocrystalline surface layer fabricated on 45 steel by electropulsing-ultrasonic surface treatment (EUST) were investigated. EUST offered the specimen a smooth (Ra , 0.33 lm) surface layer with nanoscale grains and compressive stress by the synergistic effect of high-energy electropulsing processing and ultrasonic impact. Open-circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies indicated that EUST-induced surface nanocrystallization decreased the corrosion susceptibility of 45 steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl aqueous solution, leading to a decrease in corrosion current density (icorr) by 55% and an increase in charge transfer resistance (Rct) by 36%. The enhancement in surface comprehensive mechanical properties and corrosion resistance can be explained in terms of the decrease in surface roughness, the extent of grain refinement and the change of stress state, which were closely related to the introduction of highenergy electropulsing processing.
I. INTRODUCTION
Most material failures occur on the surface such as fatigue crack, wear, and corrosion. Accordingly, the surface properties are closely related to the overall behavior of the material. In recent years, many efforts have been focused on improving surface properties by conferring work hardening to the surface region of the material to generate a nanocrystalline surface layer. Most commonly used methods include surface nanocrystallization and hardening,1 equal channel angular pressing,2 ultrasonic shot peening,3 and surface mechanical attrition
Contributing Editor: Jürgen Eckert a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2016.126 J. Mater. Res., 2016
treatment (SMAT),4 and so on. The obtained nanocrystalline surface layer with gradient hardness and compressive stresses enhances the materials’ resistance to fatigue, wear, and corrosion.5–7 A
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