Effect of Fiber Orientation on Nonlinear Damping and Internal Microdeformation in Short-Fiber-Reinforced Natural Rubber
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RESEARCH PAPER
Effect of Fiber Orientation on Nonlinear Damping and Internal Microdeformation in Short-Fiber-Reinforced Natural Rubber M. Matsubara 1 & S. Teramoto 1 & A. Nagatani 2 & S. Kawamura 1 & N. Tsujiuchi 3 & A. Ito 3 & M. Kobayashi 1 & S. Furuta 1 Received: 30 September 2019 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc 2020
Abstract Nonlinear damping with respect to vibration amplitude is particularly important in mechanical dynamics. The addition of short fibers to damping materials is considered to result in strong nonlinear damping due to interfacial peeling at the edges of the fibers. However, little has been reported on the occurrence of nonlinear damping in short-fiber reinforced rubber due to compounding difficulties. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the damping characteristics and deformation behavior of microdeformed short-fiber reinforced rubber by X-ray computed tomography (CT). We prepared a damping material with a natural rubber (NR) matrix and micrometer-sized polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber filler. The loss factor was identified by dynamic mechanical analysis, and three-dimensional strain maps were obtained using marker tracking in the CT data. The addition of 5 wt% PET fibers to NR resulted in an increase in the loss factor. Experimentally, we found that the nonlinear damping of the composite rubber is affected by the peeling of the filler/matrix interface and the strain inside the material. Keywords Damping material . Loss factor . Fiber orientation . X-ray tomography . Marker tracking
Introduction Damping or attenuating materials such as rubber reduce or eliminate noise and vibrations in mechanical structures by dissipating energy during deformation, which attenuates resonance; the magnitude of the resonance vibration is a function of the damping characteristics [1–3]. High damping is used to reduce the amplitude at the natural frequency; however, increasing damping linearly tends to reduce the isolation of higher frequencies. On the other hand, nonlinear damping often increases with excitation level such that the relative response of the system can be reduced over all frequencies through control of the damping characteristics [4]. Damping * M. Matsubara [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
2
Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Technology, 3-1-12 Yukihira-cho, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037, Japan
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
materials with appropriate damping characteristics for the given operating conditions (temperature, frequency, and strain amplitude) are selected in mechanical design processes [5, 6]. Hence, nonlinear damping is particularly important in mechanical dynamics [7, 8]. In general, methods used to control damping characteristics include mixing two or more kinds of polym
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