Effect of Fluxes on the Synthesis of Porous Materials Based on Native Silicate Raw Material
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EFFECT OF FLUXES ON THE SYNTHESIS OF POROUS MATERIALS BASED ON NATIVE SILICATE RAW MATERIAL B. M. Gol’tsman,1 E. A. Yatsenko,1 N. Yu. Komunzhieva,1, 2 L. A. Yatsenko,1 V. S. Gerashchenko,1 and V. A. Smolii1 Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 6, pp. 46 – 50, June, 2020.
Experimental results on the application of sodium fluoride NaF and sodium tetraborate (borax) fluxes as well as their mixtures in the synthesis of foam glass materials based on diatomite raw material by the hydrate mechanism using an alkali solution are reported. The effect of NaF and borax on the formation of the structure of the material and the mechanism of their action during heat-treatment were studied. The optimal ratio of the batch components and the temperature-time regimes of synthesis of foam glass materials using the indicated additives to intensify sintering and melting were determined. Key words: foam glass, flux, diatomite raw material, sodium fluoride, sodium tetraborate, sodium hydroxide.
ture as a result of biogenic structure as compared with quartz and artificially obtained glass. Moreover, diatomite rock is distinguished by the presence of reactively active amorphous silicic acid. These properties make it possible to simplify the production process significantly and lower the production cost of the final product [1]. One of the most important factors determining the insulation capacity of the produced foam-glass material, specifically, thermal conductivity and density, is the porous structure, whose formation and construction are due to the action of pore-forming substances present in the batch mix. Since diatomite contains its own pore-forming impurities (chemically bound water), sodium hydroxide NaOH was introduced into the siliceous rock in order to intensify the foaming process. Foaming of such mixtures occurs by the so-called hydrate mechanism, in which NaOH interacts with opal-cristobalite rock via the reaction
Currently, in the market for building materials there is a real need to develop and adopt new, promising, heat-insulating materials. An up-and-coming material in this sphere is foam glass — an inorganic winterizing material for which glass containers serve as the main raw material. Its high competitiveness among similar modern products is due to an entire spectrum of unique properties, such as: inflammability, service-life exceeding 100 years, chemical and biological inertness, ease of mechanical processing, and so on. An important factor complicating efficient production of foam glass in Russia is the collection of glass containers for purposes of recycling is not adequately organized, which makes the process of synthesizing glass articles energy-intensive and increases production costs. To increase the economic impact in the production of foam glass it is expedient to expand the raw material resources and adopt alternative components with chemical composition similar to that of glass. Such materials include amorphous siliceous rock (opoka, sand, diatomite, and so on), where the main oxide is silica S
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