Effect of Industrial Raw Materials on the Glass-Forming Ability, Magnetic and Mechanical Properties of Fe-Based Bulk Met
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SINCE the first synthesis of Fe-(Al, Ga)-metalloid glassy alloy systems in 1995,[1] Fe-based ferromagnetic amorphous alloys attract a great deal of attention due to not only their excellent promising magnetic and mechanical applications, but also their significantly low cost.[2–4] However, Fe-based ferromagnetic alloys generally have low glass formation ability (GFA) and can only be amorphized at a very high cooling rate. In order to secure GFA enough, at present almost all the Fe-based BMGs with good soft-magnetic properties were inevitably fabricated using high-purity elements under high vacuum, and frequently some noble elements such as Nb, Zr, Mo, Y, Ga, and so forth had to be added to alloy, which unavoidably limits their industrial applications due to the high unit cost and low production efficiency. In order to reduce the production cost, development of Fe-based BMGs based on the pig-iron alloys directly from blast furnaces under low vacuum conditions has been attempted in many laboratories.[5–7] However, a combination of good magnetic properties and high GFA is difficult to be attained simultaneously YONGQIAN CAI, Researcher, and HAIBO LING, Researcher, are with the Medical Equipment Center, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People’s Hospital, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang P.R. China. Contact e-mail: [email protected] TAO JIANG, Researcher, is with the Urumqi Institute for Minority Nationality Cadres, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang, P.R. China. Manuscript submitted December 1, 2014. METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
due to oxides and other impurities in the industrial raw materials, which become efficient heterogeneous nucleation sites in the process of solidification and result in the deterioration of GFA of alloys. Consequently these works mainly focus on the composition design of alloys to find some appropriate elements which can effectively suppress the formation of the primary phase upon solidification so that Fe-based BMGs based on the hot metal could be produced,[6] which lead to the increased cost of products. Recently, some studies[8–11] indicated that the fluxing technique is an effective method in removing heterophase impurities from a molten specimen and enhancing GFA of alloys. There is a high level of impurities in industrial raw materials, and thus it can be expected that the GFA of alloy based on industrial raw materials can be greatly improved by means of fluxing treatment. In fact fluxing technique comes from slag technique in steelmaking industry, which is employed to clean the steel and produce the refining steel. Therefore, the introduction of fluxing technique into the preparation of Fe-based BMGs based on industrial raw materials is of practical significance. Most recently, Fe80P13C7 BMG with a maximum diameter of 2.0 mm has been synthesized by the combination method of fluxing treatment and J-quenching technique.[10] It reveals that J-quenching technique has its own advantages in preparation of BMGs compared with the conventional copper mold casting technique. In this work, a pseudo-ternary Fe78P13C
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