Effect of Gadolinium Introduced HZSM-5 Zeolite on the Products Distribution of MTH Reaction
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Effect of Gadolinium Introduced HZSM‑5 Zeolite on the Products Distribution of MTH Reaction Hui Li1 · Chunqiang Li1 · Peng Guo1 · Peng Dong1 · Nan Xi1 · Dong Ji1 · Xinhong Zhao1 · Yu Zhao1 · Guixian Li1 Received: 25 July 2020 / Accepted: 7 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A series of Gd/HZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized by incipient-wetness impregnation method and their surface properties and catalytic performances in methanol to hydrocarbons (MTH) reaction were studied in detail. The addition of gadolinium has little effect on the structure of zeolite and the specific surface area of catalyst. However, with the increase of Gd content, the strong acid density of catalysts shows a monotonously increasing trend and the Gd/HZSM-5 catalysts exhibit high C2–C5 aliphatic hydrocarbon selectivity in MTH reaction which can reach 71.6% over the catalysts with the gadolinium content of 7%. In addition, the Gd/HZSM-5 catalysts exhibit much lower carbon deposition rates than the parent HZSM-5 catalyst in MTH reaction due to the low yield of C 9+ aromatics. Thus, the introduction of Gd into the HZSM-5 catalysts can significantly affect the amount of acid on the surface of catalyst, the distribution of reaction products and anticoking ability in MTH reaction. Graphic abstract
Keywords HZSM-5 · Gadolinium · MTH reaction · Aliphatic hydrocarbons · Light aromatics BTX * Yu Zhao [email protected]
1 Introduction
* Guixian Li [email protected]
Methanol was not only an important chemical raw material, but also an excellent energy source and vehicle fuel [1–5]. Due to the reserves of the world’s coal larger than that of petroleum
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School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
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and natural gas, coal-based methanol conversion to hydrocarbons can replace traditional petroleum resources to produce high-value-added bulk chemicals and liquid fuels (such as light olefins, light aromatics and heavy aromatics) [6–11]. This has become one of the research hotspots of modern coal chemical industry, therefore, it has received extensive attention from the global industry and academia. However, the methanol to hydrocarbons (MTH) reaction has many disadvantages, such as, multiple kinetic reaction steps, wide distribution of products, too fast deactivation rate of catalyst and unclear reaction mechanism [12–23]. Therefore, the research and development of excellent catalyst was still the core problem of MTH reaction. As is known to all, HZSM-5 zeolite-based catalyst was the research focus of MTH reaction, and a large number of research results have proved that HZSM-5 zeolite-based catalyst shows highly efficient catalytic activity in MTH reaction [24–35]. However, the suitable acid concentration, acid strength, type and distribution of acid site for MTH reaction are still the main obstacles to its industrial application. Therefore, regulating the acidity is great significance for investigating the distribut
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