Effect of entomopathogenic fungi introduced as corn endophytes on the development, reproduction, and food preference of
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of entomopathogenic fungi introduced as corn endophytes on the development, reproduction, and food preference of the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda Maria L. Russo1 · Lara R. Jaber2 · Ana C. Scorsetti1 · Florencia Vianna1 · Marta N. Cabello1,3 · Sebastian A. Pelizza1 Received: 27 June 2020 / Revised: 29 October 2020 / Accepted: 6 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a migratory polyphagous pest that causes major damage to economically important cultivated grasses, such as corn. Native to the neotropics in America but recently reported as an invasive pest in Africa and Asia, FAW imposes a serious threat to food security and sustainable crop productivity due to lack of effective management. In this study, the introduction of entomopathogenic fungi as endophytes was explored as an alternative more sustainable management strategy against FAW in corn. The study determined (1) the effect of isolates and inoculation methods on the ability of entomopathogenic fungi to colonize corn plants, and (2) the effect of colonized plants on S. frugiperda survival, development, reproduction, and food preference. Although all tested isolates (twelve of Beauveria bassiana and one each of Metarhizium anisopliae and Metarhizium robertsii) colonized inoculated plants, there was a highly significant interaction between isolates and inoculation methods. Highest plant colonization was obtained by Beauveria bassiana isolate (LPSc 1098) using foliar spray. Endophytic B. bassiana caused significant reductions in larval and pupal survival, length of different developmental stages, total S. frugiperda lifespan, and leaf area consumed by third instar larvae. Plant colonization also significantly reduced female longevity, fecundity, and fertility. This is the first report for the negative effects of endophytic B. bassiana on S. frugiperda growth, reproduction, and food preference. Our results highlight the promising potential of incorporating entomopathogenic fungi as endophytes in integrated pest management practices to protect corn against FAW if their efficacy is also confirmed under field conditions. Keywords Beauveria bassiana · Fungal endophytes · Integrated pest management (IPM) · Invasive pest · Metarhizium anisopliae · Metarhizium robertsii
Key message • All isolates were recovered as endophytes from inocuCommunicated by Nicolas Desneux. * Lara R. Jaber [email protected] 1
Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Y Museo, Instituto de Botánica Carlos Spegazzini, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CICPBA (FCNyM-UNLP), Calle 53 # 477, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
2
Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
3
Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de La Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), La Plata, Argentina
lated plants, but colonization varied significantly among fungal isolates, inoculation methods, and plant tissues. • Highest plant colonizati
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