Effect of Heat Input on the Microstructural, Mechanical, and Corrosion Properties of Dissimilar Weldment of Conventional
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TECHNICAL ARTICLE
Effect of Heat Input on the Microstructural, Mechanical, and Corrosion Properties of Dissimilar Weldment of Conventional Austenitic Stainless Steel and Low‑Nickel Stainless Steel Vipin Tandon1 · Manish A. Thombre2 · Awanikumar P. Patil2 · Ravindra V. Taiwade2 · Himanshu Vashishtha3 Received: 20 March 2020 / Revised: 5 September 2020 / Accepted: 9 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to investigate the replacement compatibility of conventional austenitic stainless steel (316L) with low-Ni austenitic stainless steel (201) by employing their dissimilar welding using gas tungsten arc welding technique with varying heat input. The effects of heat input on the microstructural, mechanical, and corrosion properties were studied. The result depicts the balanced austenite/ferrite content in the fusion zone for both the heat inputs. The low heat input process, which results in a faster cooling rate, demonstrates higher tensile strength and microhardness. Similarly, the pitting corrosion resistance of the fusion zone demonstrates better properties on the low heat input process attributed to the lesser dendritic length and lesser interdendritic arm spacing. Keywords Low-nickel austenitic stainless steels · Dissimilar welding · Mechanical properties · Electrochemical behavior
Introduction Austenitic stainless steels (SSs) are extensively consumed material in industries owing to their good mechanical and corrosion properties [1, 2]. In conventional austenitic SSs, nickel (Ni) is the major alloying element to stabilize the austenite phase at room temperature and therefore is termed as * Vipin Tandon [email protected] * Himanshu Vashishtha [email protected] Manish A. Thombre [email protected] Awanikumar P. Patil [email protected] Ravindra V. Taiwade [email protected] 1
Centre of Sustainable Built Environment, Manipal School of Architecture and Planning, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
2
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India
3
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
chrome-nickel (Cr-Ni) austenitic SSs, i.e., 300 series. However, an increase in the Ni price is driving industries to use low-Ni or Ni-free austenitic SSs, in which Ni is substituted by other austenite stabilizing elements, such as nitrogen (N) and manganese (Mn) [3]. This leads to the development of Cr-Mn-Ni-N austenitic SSs, i.e., 200 series [3], with the same Cr content (18%). The low-nickel austenitic stainless steels are more prominent because of their great combination of strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance properties with better cost-effectiveness. In 201 austenitic SS, the 5–7 wt.% Mn is added to stabilize the austenite phase and the addition of Ni is minimized from 9 to 11% to 3–5%, thus making the material cost-effective [3, 4]. Mo
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