Effect of Input Power and Process Time on Conversion of Pure and Mixed Plastics into Fuels Through Microwave-Metal Inter
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of Input Power and Process Time on Conversion of Pure and Mixed Plastics into Fuels Through Microwave‑Metal Interaction Pyrolysis H. Arshad1 · S. A. Sulaiman1 · Z. Hussain2 · M. Y. Naz3 · M. N. Z. Moni1 Received: 2 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract This study investigated the effect of input power and process time on microwave-metal interaction pyrolysis of pure plastics (PS, PP, LDPE) and their blends into liquid and gaseous fuels. The microwave power and time were varied to pyrolyze 20 g of each sample in an iron coil. The pure PS underwent maximum conversion into fuels followed by PP and LDPE. Under optimized microwave power (2100–2500 W), PS produced 88.7% oil after 19 min of reaction time, PP produced 54.65% oil at 23 min of reaction time and LDPE produced 30.15% oil after 26 min of reaction time. Pure PS and PP showed high conversion efficiency of 95.40% and 95.10%, respectively, into liquid and gaseous fuels. Pure LDPE showed only 54.30% conversion into fuels by producing large quantity of waxy residue. In blended form, PS-PP blend revealed highest conversion of 65.67% into fuels followed by PS-PP-LDPE blend (57.23%), PS-LDPE blend (46.52%) and PP-LDPE blend (28.08%). Based on mass balance and percentage conversion, PS-PP blend showed maximum conversion of 96.25% whereas PP-LDPE showed minimum conversion of 74.99%. Higher microwave powers within optimal range produced better yield of liquid fuel in shorter time periods. The pyrolytic oils contained some useful aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons (C8–C16).
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01225-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * M. Y. Naz [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
2
Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
3
Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
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Waste and Biomass Valorization
Graphic Abstract
Keywords Plastics · Pyrolysis · Microwave-metal interaction · Hydrocarbons
Statement of Novelty
Introduction
Recycling of waste is a common method of mitigating the waste associated environmental pollution. However, this technique has not been found to be promising toward disposal of plastic waste. In recent years, microwave assisted pyrolysis has demonstrated reasonably good capability to convert plastic waste into value added chemicals. However, very few studies have been published since the discovery of microwave-metal interaction pyrolysis technique. The existing literature does not account for effect of microwave power and reaction time on oil product yield and quality. As a result, the performance of the microwave- metal interaction pyrolysis is still unascertained in order to convince the industries to take up the technology. Hence, further investigati
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