Effect of Mixed Oxide Cracking Catalyst on Conversion of the Mixture of Vacuum Gas Oil and Vegetable Oil
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Effect of Mixed Oxide Cracking Catalyst on Conversion of the Mixture of Vacuum Gas Oil and Vegetable Oil P. V. Lipina,*, O. V. Potapenkoa, T. P. Sorokinaa, and V. P. Doronina a Center
of New Chemical Technologies BIC, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Omsk, 644040 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
Received May 29, 2020; revised September 14, 2020; accepted September 18, 2020
Abstract—A number of cracking catalyst samples containing Me–Mg–Al mixed oxides have been prepared. Cobalt, zinc, copper, and cerium were used as additional metals in the mixed oxide composition. When studying the cracking of a vacuum gas oil–sunflower oil mixture, catalysts containing Co–Mg–Al or Zn–Mg–Al mixed oxides were found to increase both the conversion rate of the mixed feedstock by 5.0 wt % compared to a sample containing the mixed oxide free of additional metal, and the gasoline yield by 1.6–3.0 wt %. It was discovered that the modification of mixed oxides with cobalt or zinc cations has no significant effect on the distribution of inorganic products, thereby indicating sustained catalytic activity during the decarboxylation reaction. The catalytic tests also demonstrated that catalyst samples containing mixed Mg–Al oxides with copper cations exhibited enhanced decarbonylation effect, as well as low conversion rates of the mixed feedstock and low gasoline yield, which is probably associated with the poisoning impact of copper oxide on Y zeolite. Keywords: cracking catalysts, mixed oxides, vacuum gas oil, vegetable oil
DOI: 10.1134/S0965544121010060 vegetable oils. Many researchers have studied the viability of co-conversion of petroleum fractions and vegetable oils under catalytic cracking conditions [7–11]. However, when using vegetable oils as a feedstock component for catalytic cracking, their specific structure should be taken into account [12]. This is due to the fact that the thermal decomposition of initial oil triglycerides produces various oxygen-containing compounds that are involved in deoxygenation reactions resulting in the formation of either carbon dioxide and paraffins (via a decarboxylation reaction) or carbon monoxide, water, and olefins (via a decarbonylation reaction) [13–15]. The decarboxylation reaction is preferable because it produces a less environmentally hazardous carbon dioxide. Thus, cracking conditions necessitate control over the vegetable oil deoxygenation pathways to minimize the carbon monoxide formation. A potentially effective solution to this problem is to utilize Me–Mg–Al mixed oxides as a catalyst component. These compounds are weakly basic and, as mentioned above, are capable of catalyzing a decarboxylation reaction. It has been demonstrated that the basic properties of mixed oxides can be controlled by varying the
Catalytic cracking is known to be a major process technology of the refining industry. This cracking type is advantageous in that varying the catalyst composition or introducing an additional component thereto can influence the target produ
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