Effect of lead oxide on the optical properties and radiation shielding efficiency of antimony-sodium-tungsten glasses
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Effect of lead oxide on the optical properties and radiation shielding efficiency of antimony‑sodium‑tungsten glasses Imed Boukhris1,2 · Imen Kebaili1,3 · M. S. Al‑Buriahi4 · Chahkrit Sriwunkum5 · M. I. Sayyed6,7 Received: 25 May 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper reports the effect of lead oxide (PbO) on the optical properties and radiation shielding efficiency of S b2O3–Na2O– WO3–PbO glasses. The optical properties of the glasses were tested by estimating molar refraction (Rm), molar polarizability (αm), metallization principle (M), optical transmission (T), dielectric coefficients (static and optical), and reflection loss (RL). Additionally, the gamma radiation shielding efficiency of the glasses was evaluated via the Monte Carlo method (Geant4 simulations) and the XCOM program. The mass attenuation coefficient (µ/ρ) and other related factors such as effective atomic number (Zeff), half-value layer (HVL), and mean free path (MFP) were calculated at the energy range of 0.25–1.25 meV. Furthermore, the dependence of radiation protection efficiency (RPE) on the thickness of glasses was discussed in detail. The results revealed that at 40 mol% of PbO, the optical transmission was 0.7774 and the reflection loss was 1.1997. A notable increase in RPE as the thickness of the glass changes from 0.5 to 2 cm. The gamma shielding efficiency of the glasses was compared with those of commonly used shields. The reported glasses showed superior properties to apply for radiation shielding applications. Keywords Antimony-sodium-tungsten glasses · Optical properties · Shielding · Radiation · Geant4
1 Introduction * M. S. Al‑Buriahi mohammed.al‑[email protected] 1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
2
Laboratoire Des matériaux Composites céramiques Et polymères (LaMaCoP), Département de Physique, Faculté Des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 805, 3000 Sfax, Tunisie
3
Groupe de Physique Des matériaux Luminescents, Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Département de Physique, Faculté Des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3018 Sfax, Tunisie
4
Department of Physics, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
5
Department of Physics, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
6
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
7
Department of Nuclear Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Since traditional glasses formers such as B2O3, SiO2, P2O5 or GeO2 are preferred in many optoelectronic uses, tremendous attention is swiftly growing to investigate new types of glasses that can be useful for various purposes including optical and radiation applications [1–7]. In this regard, glasses containing heavy oxide like lead oxide (PbO) have unique distinct physical and chemical properties. For example, they have
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