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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Effect of mineral fillers on physico‑mechanical properties and heat conductivity of carbon black‑filled SBR/butadiene rubber composite Mehdi Shiva1,2 · Seyyede Saeede Akhtari3   · Masoud Shayesteh3 Received: 2 December 2019 / Accepted: 2 August 2020 © Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute 2020

Abstract Heat conductivity, curing rate and fatigue crack growth properties of carbon black-filled styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)/ butadiene rubber (BR) blend that is frequently used in passenger car tire treads were simultaneously improved by a hybrid filler system of carbon black, high dispersible precipitated silica, modified layered silicate and ultra-light mixed filler of alumina and aluminum sulfate. An optimum formulation was obtained and a study of mechanisms governing composite properties has been performed according to the filler variables through the designing of experiments and the regression and statistical analysis and with the aid of composite characterization techniques such as dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and FE-SEM/EDX. Alumina could improve thermal conductivity, DeMatia crack growth, and the tensile strength of the rubber composite, along with relative maintenance of hardness and modulus. The effects of statistically significant interactions between silica and alumina on the abrasion behavior and thermal conductivity were observed, which was attributed to the presence of the silane coupling agent and the effect of modifying the alumina surface with the ethoxysilanes groups. The partial substitution of carbon black by high dispersible silica resulted in an increase in thermal diffusion coefficient, the improvement of heat buildup, resilience and DeMatia crack growth, and relative maintaining of tensile properties as well as a slight loss in abrasion and aging behavior of the tire tread composite. Through the increase of thermal diffusivity coefficient and a slightly improvement in the aging behavior, modified layered silicate (organoclay) caused a significant reduction in the optimum curing time of the tire tread composite. Some evidence has been provided for the interactions between modified layered silicate and silane coupling agent. The improvement in crack growth and thermal conductivity of the elastomer composite was attributed to smaller interparticle distances of hybrid filler system compared to those of carbon black filler system. Keywords  Transport phenomena · Thermal diffusivity coefficient · Tire tread composite · Silane coupling agent · Failure properties

Introduction

Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (https​://doi.org/10.1007/s1372​6-020-00854​-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Seyyede Saeede Akhtari [email protected] 1



Department of Chemical Engineering, Birjand University of Technology, P. O. Box: 97198‑66981, Birjand, Iran

2



Department of Research and Technology, Kavir Tire Co., P. O. Box 518, Birjand, Iran

3

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Sistan and