Effect of music on patients with cardiovascular diseases and during cardiovascular interventions
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Wien Klin Wochenschr https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-020-01782-y
Effect of music on patients with cardiovascular diseases and during cardiovascular interventions A systematic review Chen-Yu Ho · Paul Wexberg · Birke Schneider · Claudia Stöllberger Received: 1 August 2020 / Accepted: 17 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Summary Background The therapeutic effects of music have been known for thousands of years. Recently, studies with music interventions in patients with cardiovascular diseases yielded controversial results. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of receptive music intervention on the cardiovascular system. Methods We searched in PubMed, SCOPUS and CENTRAL for publications between January 1980 and May 2018. Primary endpoints were heart rate, heart rate variability and blood pressure. Secondary endpoints comprised respiratory rate, anxiety and pain. The quality of the studies was assessed by using the CONSORT statement and the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. A meta-analysis and subgroup analyses concerning music style, gender and region were planned. Results A total of 29 studies comprising 2579 patients were included and 18 studies with 1758 patients investigated the effect of music on patients undergoing coronary angiography or open heart surgery. Other studies applied music to children with congenital C.-Y. Ho () · P. Wexberg · C. Stöllberger Klinik Landstraße, Juchgasse 25, 1030 Vienna, Austria [email protected] P. Wexberg [email protected] C. Stöllberger [email protected] B. Schneider Sana Kliniken Lübeck, Kahlhorststr. 17, 23562 Lübeck, Germany [email protected] C.-Y. Ho Liechtensteinstr. 8/12, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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heart diseases, pregnant women with hypertension or patients with unstable angina. Due to high methodological study heterogeneity, a meta-analysis was not performed. The study quality was assessed as medium to low. In ten studies with higher quality comprising 1054 patients, music intervention was not associated with significant changes in the cardiovascular endpoints compared to the control group. The subgroup analyses did not demonstrate any relevant results. Conclusion Currently no definite effect of receptive music intervention on the cardiovascular system can be verified. Further research is needed to assess music as an inexpensive and easy applicable form of therapy. Keywords Receptive music intervention · Blood pressure · Heart rate · Coronary angiography · Cardiac surgery
Introduction The therapeutic effects of music have been known for thousands of years [1]; however, it remains unclear how music affects the human body. Most hypotheses assume that music, in addition to its conscious perception, influences the autonomic and central nervous system at subcortical levels and that the limbic system plays a crucial role in the processing of musical elements [2]. The influences on the limbic system also explain the strong effect on mood which may res
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