Effect of nanobubble water on anaerobic methane production from lignin
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Effect of nanobubble water on anaerobic methane production from lignin Thi Hang Ho1,2 · Xiaojing Yang2 · Jingming Nie2 · Ziwen Zhao2 · Yu Wei2 · Kazuya Shimizu2 · Zhenya Zhang2 · Zhongfang Lei2 Received: 16 March 2020 / Accepted: 18 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass is abundant in the environment, which can be used as the substrate for methane production via anaerobic digestion (AD). However, the methane production efficiency from lignocellulosic biomass is relatively low, mainly due to its refractory components, of which lignin is the major barrier to bioconversion and also resists the hydrolysis of lignocellulose, thus limiting the AD process. This study compared the effects of two different gases (N2 and CO2) nanobubble water (NBW) on methane production from lignin using mono-digestion and co-digestion with acetic acid (HAc) at four different total organic carbon (TOC) ratios of HAc to lignin (97.5%:2.5%, 95%:5%, 90%:10%, and 80%:20%). Results show that N 2-NBW is the promising NBW which can enhance methane production by 22% compared to the control. In addition, co-digestion of lignin with acetic acid reflects a higher methane production potential in comparison with the mono-digestion of lignin, achieving a much higher methane production (824–1061 mL CH4/g-TOCremoved) when lignin content was less than 20% (TOC basis) and the highest lignin reduction (43%) at the TOC ratio of HAc to lignin of 95%:5%. Keywords Anaerobic digestion · Methane production · Lignin reduction · Nanobubble water
* Thi Hang Ho [email protected] * Xiaojing Yang yangxj‑[email protected] * Zhongfang Lei [email protected] 1
Faculty of Chemistry and Environment, Dalat University, Dalat, Vietnam
2
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‑8572, Japan
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T. H. Ho et al.
Introduction Biomass rich in lignocellulosic materials is promising for renewable energy production, for instance, crop residues that are cheap and abundant with relatively high yield in developing countries [1–3]. Numerous studies have shown that lignocellulosic biomass can be converted into many available kinds of energy, such as heat [4], electricity [5], biogas [6], hydrogen [7, 8], and other biofuels [9–11]. Among them, biogas production via anaerobic digestion (AD) is attracting worldwide attention because it can not only produce bioenergy but also treat organic waste for environmental protection [6, 12, 13]. AD is a process that organic materials are converted into biogas by microorganisms under free oxygen conditions. The major components of biogas are methane (55–65%) and carbon dioxide (35–45%) with other trace gases [14]. AD is regarded as a promising technology for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into biogas, targeting bioenergy recovery and environmental protection from the organic solid wastes. On the one hand, biogas burning has fewer greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than other fuels like gasoline, diesel fuel,
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