Effect of PCC crystallization and morphology on flocculation with microfibrillated cellulose, on sheet densification and
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Effect of PCC crystallization and morphology on flocculation with microfibrillated cellulose, on sheet densification and liquid absorption behavior Teija Laukala Kaj Backfolk
. Johanna Lyytika¨inen
. Katriina Mielonen
.
Received: 30 April 2020 / Accepted: 12 September 2020 The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Composite sheets consisting of elongated and aggregated cationically charged precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and native microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) were prepared with a wet laying method. The furnishes were prepared with and without an anionic flocculating agent (polyacrylamide) in order to adjust the structure of the sheet. The samples were compressed (densified) in order to determine the particle and microfibrillated cellulose-PCC structure coalescence and densification, as well as its subsequent influence on liquid absorption behavior. The densification affected both the vertical and lateral
distribution of PCC, but the flocculating agent enhanced the compression stability and stabilized the sheets against PCC material flow. The differences between the sheets made with and without the flocculation aid affected the absorption of an anionic dye-based fluid ink, which was evident as a higher print density and less print bleeding. The absorption behavior was dependent on the sheet structure, especially on the PCC distribution within the sheets. Finally, the role of MFC on floc structure and floc formation is discussed.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03458-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. T. Laukala (&) J. Lyytika¨inen K. Mielonen K. Backfolk Packaging Technology of LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, P.O. Box 20, 53850 Lappeenranta, Finland e-mail: [email protected] K. Backfolk Stora Enso Oyj Research Center Imatra, 55800 Imatra, Finland
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Cellulose
Graphic abstract
Keywords Microfibrillated cellulose PCC Precipitated calcium carbonate Composite Dye Absorption
Introduction Calcium carbonate, CaCO3, is an important industrial pigment and filler material in numerous applications, such as plastic-based composites, paints, food, ceramics and the paper industry. Recently, composite materials consisting of CaCO3, microfibers and nanocellulose have gained interest in the search for new ways of improving the water removal from hardto-dewater fiber-based furnishes (Rantanen et al. 2015; Dimic-Misic et al. 2017), substrates for printed electronics (Penttila¨ et al. 2012; Torvinen et al. 2012, 2015) and transparent films (Gebauer et al. 2011). Additionally, a fairly recently developed cogrinding method of microcellulose (MFC) production is claimed to be industrially scalable, and results in a mixture of MFC and mineral such as CaCO3 (Svending 2014). Micro and nanofibrillated celluloses (MNFCs) and CaCO3 have also been of interest for paper coating (Lavoine et al. 2014
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