Effect of SiC/Si 3 N 4 micro-reinforcement on mechanical and wear properties of friction stir welded AA6061-T6 aluminum
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Effect of SiC/Si3N4 micro‑reinforcement on mechanical and wear properties of friction stir welded AA6061‑T6 aluminum alloy Nitesh Kumar1 · Vinay Kumar Patel2 Received: 6 November 2019 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Friction stir welding (FSW) is extensively used to join aluminum alloys components for applications in structural, aviation and automotive sectors. In this investigation, the mechanical properties (tensile strength, percentage elongation, and microhardness), abrasive wear properties and microstructure of friction stir welded joint of AA6061-T6 were studied by inter-plate reinforcing of silicon carbide microparticles (µSiC) and silicon nitride microparticles (µSi3N4). The friction stir welding was performed at different tool rotational speed (TRS) (750, 1000 and 1400 rpm) and welding speed of 56, 80 and 112 mm/min. The friction stir welded joint without reinforcement and with µSiC exhibited maximum tensile strength at two combinations of welding speed and tool rotational speed; one at welding speed of 112 mm/min, TRS of 1000 RPM and other at welding speed of 56 mm/min and TRS of 1400 rpm. It was realized that the reinforcement of µSiC and µSi3N4 decreased the tensile properties of the welded joint but improved the abrasive wear and microhardness properties considerably in the stir zone. The reinforcement of µSiC during FSW demonstrated better tensile, microhardness and abrasive wear resistant properties than the FSW joints with µSi3N4 reinforcement. The improvement in microhardness of the FSW joint reinforced with SiC and S i3N4 microparticles is attributed to the pinning effect produced by the hard particles inclusions. Keywords Friction stir welding · Mechanical properties · Silicon nitride · Silicon carbide · Aluminum alloy
1 Introduction ’Friction stir welding is a solid-state welding technique mostly employed in the welding of aluminium alloys which is free from major weldability problems such as cracking and porosity encountered in fusion joining [1, 2]. In friction stir welding, a non-consumable tool is used with especially designed pin which is plunged into and along the adjoining line of two pieces of the similar or dissimilar materials. Tool rotational speed, speed of welding and tilting angle are the main parameters which affect the joint properties in FSW [3–5]. Although FSW is a good welding process for Al alloys as it is free from many welding defects yet FSW of
aluminium alloy decreases the mechanical properties significantly in the weld area due to partial annealing, overheating, overaging and coarse weld microstructure and wide heat affected zone (HAZ). A recent advancement in FSW is reported on the usage of sensor for controlling and monitoring of FSW process and a roadmap is developed to use industry 4.0. Sensors are being used to control the force, torque, temperature, current power vibration etc. during FSW process [6]. AA6061 series aluminum alloys being of light weight reflect moderate strength and are widely employed in structural, a
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