Effect of soaking temperature on the tensile and morphological properties of banana stem fibre-reinforced polyester comp
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Effect of soaking temperature on the tensile and morphological properties of banana stem fibre‑reinforced polyester composite K. J. Okafor1 · S. O. Edelugo2 · I. C. Ezema Ike‑Eze3 · S. A. Chukwunwike2 Received: 23 April 2020 / Revised: 20 August 2020 / Accepted: 23 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this work, NaOH was used in modification of Banana stem fibre (BSF). Random matted BSF reinforced polyester composites were produced using hand layup moulding technique. The results of the tensile strength test on the composites fabricated with 30% mass fraction of BSF fibres treated under the temperatures of 30 °C, 45 °C, 60 °C, 75 °C and 90 °C were studied. Surface modification of the BSF with 30 °C showed slight improvement in the tensile strength from 17.39 to 18.05 MPa and increase in the tensile modulus from 1149.35 to 3519.65 N/mm2 as compared to the untreated fibres. Variation in properties due to treatment temperature was observed to show a higher value of properties at the 30 °C than at 45 °C, 60 °C, 75 °C and 90 °C treatment temperatures. The result of scanning electron microscopy micrographs of the surfaces of the fibres indicated an improvement in adhesion of the fibres with the resin, which was as a result of the reduction of the hygroscopic nature of the fibres from the surface treatment, which resulted in its higher tensile strength. Thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermogravimetric analysis also showed that the treatment enhanced the thermal stability of the composite. Keywords Natural fibres · Banana fibres · Polyester · Tensile strength · Soaking temperature
Introduction Due to the problem of global warming across the world in the recent years, efforts are made to bring to the barest minimum the reliance on petroleum fuels and products. The wide application of natural fibre composite in the field of automotive industries has brought about considerable decline in energy utilization in the area of motor vehicles production and also an upward growth in their day-to-day fuel * K. J. Okafor [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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economy [1]. Furthermore, the high demand for high-strength, high-modulus and low-density industrial-based materials has brought about an increased number of applications for fibre-laminated composite structures [2]. Natural fibres can be considered as composites of hollow cellulose fibrils held together by lignin and hemicelluloses matrix [3]. A few of the more commonly used natural fibres in different applications in both automobile and construction industries are sisal, areca, hemp, flax, kenaf, coir, bagasse, jute, cotton, bamboo, banana and pineapple. The various advantages of natural fibre over man-made fibres are low cost, low density, less weight, eco-friendliness, reduced energy consumption, less pollution during production, renewability, recyclability and biodegradability [4]. Natural fibres are used in var
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