Effect of the Water and Barrier Submersion Depths on the Characteristics of a High-Voltage Discharge Propagating over a
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NOSTICS OF PULSED SYSTEMS
Effect of the Water and Barrier Submersion Depths on the Characteristics of a High-Voltage Discharge Propagating over a Water Surface I. M. Minaeva, *, A. A. Rukhadzea,†, P. A. Goryachkinb, and V. A. Chernikovb a
Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia b Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received June 5, 2017; in final form, November 22, 2017
Abstract—This work continues the series of studies of pulsed high-voltage discharges propagating over liquid surfaces in the presence of barriers. In this work, the influence of the barrier position relative to the air electrode on the discharge voltage in the stage of the completed discharge is analyzed. The effect of the water depth and barrier submersion depth on the propagation of a pulsed discharge is studied. DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X18060089
1. INTRODUCTION The characteristics of discharges propagating over liquid surfaces were studied in many works [1–15]. Interest in such discharges is caused by their applications for water cleaning [4, 5], treatment of solid electrodes [8], initiation of chemical reactions in liquids involving active particles produced in the gas phase of the discharge [7], and lightning protection [9]. In [1– 3, 10–15], the properties of a discharge propagating over free liquid surfaces were investigated. Three characteristic stages of such a discharge can be distinguished [10]. The first stage corresponds to the primary spark breakdown of air between the air electrode and the liquid. The discharge ignition occurs with a certain time delay after applying the voltage to the electrodes. This time interval corresponds to the static delay of the gap breakdown. The second stage begins with breakdown and corresponds to the slow increase in the discharge current. In this stage, the discharge dynamics is completely determined by the propagation of the ionization wave over the water surface. In the third stage, which begins after the ionization wave has reached the anode and continues up to the end of the discharge, the cathode−anode gap is bridged by the plasma channel. The dynamics of the development of the air part of the discharge as a function of the ballast resistance, electrode voltage, conductivity of the liquid, etc., was studied in [10–12]. In [13, 14], the propagation of pulsed discharges over liquids surfaces in the presence of barriers was studied. It was shown that the barriers increased the † Deceased.
initial pulsed voltage required for discharge propagation. In this case, the barrier closest to the point electrode played a decisive role. The dependences of the minimum initial voltage on the barrier position relative to the cathode and on the number of barriers were obtained. The presence of barriers did not affect the process of discharge development, in which the same three characteristic stages could be distinguished. From the standpoint of lightning protection of objects situated in water, it is of interest to study the disch
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