Effect of Tube Material and Heat Treatment Temperatures on Tube Formability During Tube Hydroforming Process
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
Effect of Tube Material and Heat Treatment Temperatures on Tube Formability During Tube Hydroforming Process P. Venkateshwar Reddy1
•
B. Veerabhadra Reddy2
Received: 13 November 2019 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 Ó The Institution of Engineers (India) 2020
Abstract Tube hydroforming (THF) is a process that makes use of fluid means to form the tubular samples into desired form. In the present work, two materials SS 304 and AA-1100 tube samples were heat-treated at various temperatures, viz., as-received, 150 °C, 200 °C and 250 °C to know their effect on the formability. Heat-treated samples were tested for the mechanical properties using universal testing machine, and the obtained results were utilized for carrying out the numerical simulations of THF process. Simulations were performed at various L/D ratios to attain various strain paths with different heat treatment temperature results. The effects of the aforementioned parameters on bulge height, internal pressure and FLD were investigated. The obtained results from both the materials through numerical simulations were validated by the analytical model. The simulation results were observed to be in good agreement with the analytical model. Keywords Heat treatment FLD Tube hydroforming Numerical simulations Bulge height List Pi t rz rh ro
of symbols Internal pressure Thickness of the tube Longitudinal stress Hoop stress Initial median radius
& P. Venkateshwar Reddy [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, JNTU Anantapur, Ananthapuramu 515002, A.P, India
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, G Pulla Reddy Engineering College, Kurnool 518007, A.P, India
r1 a K n eh ez er
Final radius Stress ratio Strength factor Strain-hardening coefficients Tangential (hoop) strain Longitudinal strain Radial strain
Introduction The tube hydroforming process is a special manufacturing process which utilizes the liquid medium to form the tube sample into required shape. This process has an advantage of attaining a uniform thickness all over the deformed tube throughout the forming process. Tube hydroforming is being used mostly in the field of aerospace and automotive companies for manufacturing of components. To improve the efficiency of the automotive, industries are aimed to diminish the vehicle weight by utilizing advanced materials which serve as the criteria of high strength, low cost and less weight. Utilization of steel and aluminum in basic part can spare weight and along these lines preserve funds without trading off safety guidelines. Lightweight and safety issues of the vehicle are not totally unrelated, and stainless steel (SS) can convey answers to meet rising ecological standards. Moreover, aluminum alloys (AA) convey the answers in terms of lightweight. With the progressions in PC controls and elevated pressure-driven frameworks, tube hydroforming (THF) is progressively utilized in automotive so as to accomplish weight decrease, diminished parts and cost [1]. The summary of
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J. Inst. Eng. India Ser.
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