Effects of Bulk Heterojunction Morphology Control via Thermal Annealing on the Fill Factor of Anthracene-based Polymer S
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Article www.springer.com/13233 pISSN 1598-5032 eISSN 2092-7673
Effects of Bulk Heterojunction Morphology Control via Thermal Annealing on the Fill Factor of Anthracene-based Polymer Solar Cells Hyojung Cha1 Jiaqiang Li2 Yifan Li2 Seul-Ong Kim2 Yun-Hi Kim*,3 Soon-Ki Kwon*,2
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Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea 2 Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology and ERI, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea 3 Department of Chemistry and ERI, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea Received October 29, 2019 / Revised December 17, 2019 / Accepted December 24, 2019
Abstract: Here we report a polymeric semiconductor (ODATT) comprising alkoxy anthracene (ODA) and thienothiophene (TT) polymerized by stille coupling reaction with the Pd catalyst. The optical properties of the polymer:PC71BM blend films are used by the UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy. The ODATT blends with PC71BM exhibit a maximal power conversion efficiency of 2.2% via thermal annealing treatment. Morphological analysis of the polymer:PC71BM blend films demonstrate the influence of ODATT polymer segregation on device performance by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. We confirmed that ODATT has enhanced fill factor after thermal annealing treatment from the reduced series and shunt resistance from morphological enhancement. Keywords: organic solar cell, morphology, thermal treatment, anthracene, fill factor.
1. Introduction Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices have attracted significant attention due to their potential advantages over traditional silicon-based solar cells for solution-processed roll-to-roll device applications.1-3 Moreover, large area, light, semi-transparent, and flexible OPV devices could be used in portable and wearable electronic devices.4-6 All of the exceptional features of OPVs result from the materials used in their fabrication.7-10 Currently, highperformance OPV devices are composed of a blend of conjugated small molecules or polymers as electron donors, and a fullerene derivative or nonfullerene small molecules as electron acceptors.4,7,11-14 Despite significant progress in the material design of these photoactive layers, OPV performance is still not adequate for commercialization. For improved photovoltaic performance, the OPV device operating mechanism must be better understood. Regarding the parameters used for determining photovoltaic performance, the fill factor (FF) is less understood and more complex than other key parameters, such as current density (JSC) and open-circuit voltage (VOC).15,16 The FF depends on charge carrier losses during charge generation, which occur due to exciton generation and diffusion, charge transfer, dissociation, transport, and collection by the electrodes.10,17,18 To obtain a high FF in a photovoltaic device, photogenerated Acknowledgment: This research was supported by the Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes of the National Research
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