Effects of carbon nanotube fillers dispersion on mechanical behavior of phenolic/carbon nanotube nanocomposite
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Materials and Technology Department – São Paulo State University (UNESP), 12516-410 Guaratinguetá, São Paulo, Brazil; Mechanical Department - Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, D-01069 Dresden e.V., Germany; and Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67663 – Kaiserslautern, Germany
Michelle Leali Costa
Materials and Technology Department – São Paulo State University (UNESP), 12516-410 Guaratinguetá, São Paulo, Brazil; and Materials Division – Departament of Science and Aerospace Technology – DCTA- São José dos Campos, São Paulo- Brazil
Elilton Rodrigues Edwards
Materials and Technology Department – São Paulo State University (UNESP), 12516-410 Guaratinguetá, São Paulo, Brazil
Thomas Burkhart Materials Science Department, Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67663 – Kaiserslautern, Germany
Bernd Lauke Mechanical Department - Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, D-01069 Dresden e.V., Germany (Received 15 November 2011; accepted 14 June 2012)
Systematic studies have been carried out for investigating the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced phenolic resin. In this work, phenolic resin/CNT nanocomposite were processed using two different techniques: (i) three-roll calender device (TRC) and (ii) aqueous solution processes. In both techniques, up to 2 wt% CNT was used. In this study, it was observed that the values of tensile strength, Young’s modulus, shear stress, impact resistance and also that of the tribological properties increased directly proportional to carbon nanotube volume content. Halpin-Tsai, Voigt-Reuss and Cox equations were adopted to fit the experimental data of the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the multiwalled carbon nanotube/phenolic resin composite. Morphological analysis was done utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and good dispersion of nanotubes within the phenolic resin matrix was revealed. Also according to the results presented in this work, SEM showed that TRC processing gave better dispersion than aqueous solution mixing. The observation that the values for mechanical properties increased more for TRC than aqueous mixed samples is consistent with this. I. INTRODUCTION
Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2012.221
offering high reliability under severe operating conditions. Their excellent ablative properties, structural integrity, thermal stability and solvent resistance make phenolic resins widely utilized, especially in thermal insulation materials, molding compounds, coatings and composite materials.3–5 In the last decade, several research groups have presented many experimental results predicting the mechanical properties of the CNT-reinforced polymer composites. It is already known that the structure, dispersion characteristics and diameter of the CNT are important parameters for determination of the effective properties of the CNT/ polymer composites.6 Because of their extremely small dimensions, CNTs are expected to be the
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