Effects of electromagnetic field and asymmetric Gaussian potential on low energy state energy of bound polaron in quantu
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Effects of electromagnetic field and asymmetric Gaussian potential on low energy state energy of bound polaron in quantum well Ying-Hao Wang, Ying-Jie Chen∗ and Feng-Lan Shao School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China (Received 22 May 2020; accepted 22 June 2020) In this article, effects of electromagnetic field and asymmetric Gaussian potential (AGP) on the bound polaron’s low energy state in quantum well are explored theoretically by the Lee-Low-Pines unitary transformation and Pekar type variational method. The variation of the ground state energy and the first excited state energy of the polaron with the Coulomb bound potential (CBP) strength at different electron-phonon coupling (EPC) constants, electric field (EF) strengths, heights and ranges of the AGP and magnetic field adjustment lengths are obtained. Our numerical results indicate that the polaron’s low energy state depends on the EPC constant, the EF strength, the AGP’s height and range and the CBP strength. Keywords: Quantum well, Asymmetric Gaussian potential, Bound polaron, Low energy state DOI: 10.3938/jkps.77.582
I. INTRODUCTION
Recently, the research on the low dimensional semiconductors such as quantum well (QW) [1–4] and quantum dot (QD) [5–8] has been very active. In particular, an asymmetric Gaussian potential quantum well (AGPQW) has attracted the interest of researchers because of its novel properties. For example, considering the impacts of the hydrostatic pressure and temperature and magnetic field (MF), Liu et al. discussed the nonlinear optical rectification and the second harmonic generation in AGPQW by using the iterative method and the approach of compact density matrix [9]. Choosing the iterative method and the approach of compact density matrix, Zhang et al. verified that the temperature, hydrostatic pressure and MF could adjust the linear and nonlinear intersubband optical absorption coefficient and refractive index in AGPQW [10]. By applying the approach of compact density matrix and effective mass approximation method, Guo et al. explored the influence of the electric field (EF) strength, the QW’s height and the confined potential’s range on the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficient and refractive index in AGPQW [11]. It is common knowledge that the Coulomb potential of the moving electrons causes the positive ions to be attracted to the electron, and the negative ions are repelled by the electron. The relative displacement of positive ions and negative ions forms a polarization field around the electron, which in turn acts on the electron and changes the electron’s state and moves along with ∗ E-mail:
electrons. The electron and the polarization field around it form a whole interacting with each other, which is called a polaron. Recently scientists also have studied the properties of polaron in AGPQW. In 2014, Wu et al. explored the polaron effect on nonlinear optical rectification in AGPQW under the condition of the EF by utilizing the method of effective mass approximation and perturbation th
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