Effects of soil texture and gravel content on the infiltration and soil loss of spoil heaps under simulated rainfall
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SOILS, SEC 2 • GLOBAL CHANGE, ENVIRON RISK ASSESS, SUSTAINABLE LAND USE • RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effects of soil texture and gravel content on the infiltration and soil loss of spoil heaps under simulated rainfall Jianming Li 1,2,3,4 & Wenlong Wang 1,5 & Mingming Guo 5 & Hongliang Kang 5 & Zhigang Wang 3,4 & Jinquan Huang 3,4 & Baoyang Sun 3,4 & Ke Wang 3,4 & Guanhua Zhang 3,4 & Yun Bai 6 Received: 4 June 2020 / Accepted: 15 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Large spoil heaps formed during construction projects have caused serious soil erosion and threatened ecological security. The recent researches on soil erosion of spoil heaps are based on one or several soil types, which can only represent the soil texture category within the limited area, but cannot be used in other larger scale areas. Soil texture and gravel are the main factors affecting infiltration and erosion processes of spoil heaps. Materials and methods The runoff plot dimensions were 5.0 m × 1.0 m × 0.5 m (length × width × depth). A series of rainfall experiments with a constant rainfall intensity of 1.0 mm min−1 and a slope gradient of 25° were conducted to investigate the effects of soil texture (sandy, loam, and clay) and gravel mass content (GC, 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) on the infiltration and erosion processes. The gravels are divided into 3 classes according to particle size 2–14 mm (small), 14–25 mm (medium), 25–50 mm (large), and the mass ratios were 30%, 50%, and 20%. The duration of each rainfall event was 45 min after runoff out of the plot.
Highlights • Differences in infiltration and erosion on spoil heaps of three soil textures were revealed. • There is a critical gravel content (10%) improving or controlling infiltration and soil loss on spoil heaps. • Soil texture had a more significant effect on soil loss of spoil heaps than gravel content. • Gravel increased soil loss of sandy and clay spoil heaps by 4.1 and 0.5 times, but decreased loam spoil heaps by 15.5%. Responsible editor: Lu Zhang * Wenlong Wang [email protected]; [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
2
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
3
Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan 430010, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
4
Research Center on Mountain Torrent & Geologic Disaster Prevention of the Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan 430010, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
5
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
6
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration in Shanbei Mining Area, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, People’s Republ
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