Effects of Spirulina platensis and Amphora coffeaeformis as dietary supplements on blood biochemical parameters, intesti
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effects of Spirulina platensis and Amphora coffeaeformis as dietary supplements on blood biochemical parameters, intestinal microbial population, and productive performance in broiler chickens Eman A. Alwaleed 1 & Mostafa El-Sheekh 2 & Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim 3,4
&
Hani Saber 1
Received: 12 March 2020 / Accepted: 23 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Spirulina platensis (Sp) or Amphora coffeaeformis (Am) are good candidates as an in-feed antibiotic substitute for broilers. This work was performed to investigate the effects of Sp and Am on the growth performance, intestinal microbial population, physiological responses, and blood biochemical constituents in broiler chickens. Fifty-one-day old Cobb broilers (with initial body weights 50–55 g) were allocated to five groups. Each treatment group had five replicate pens with two birds each. The experiments lasted for 35 days. The 1st group had basal diet (control group). The 2nd and 3rd groups received basal diet, along with 5- or 10-g/kg Sp as a feed ingredient, respectively. While the 4th and 5th groups received basal diet, along with 5- or 10-g/kg Am as a feed ingredient, respectively. Data analysis revealed significantly higher body weight gains (P ≤ 0.05) with higher Sp or Am levels and, in turn, linear improvements (P ≤ 0.05) in feed conversion values. In addition, intestinal Lactobacillus sp. was increased, and Escherichia coli populations were decreased by both dietary Sp levels or Am levels. Furthermore, the liver (% body weight) was significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.05) and the heart (% body weight) was significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) with higher Sp or Am levels in comparison with untreated control. In conclusion, dietary inclusion with 10 g/kg of Sp and Am could improve the growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and intestinal microbial population in broiler chickens. Keywords Amphora . Broiler . Dietary supplement . Growth factor . Spirulina
Introduction Spirulina platensis (Sp) or Amphora coffeaeformis (Am) are concentrated food sources of nutraceuticals, antioxidants, and probiotics. C-Phycocyanin, a major component of Sp, exerts potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities (AbdelDaim et al. 2018; Abdel-Daim et al. 2019). Other Sp Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues * Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim [email protected] 1
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
2
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
3
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
4
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
components include riboflavin, thiamin, pyridoxine, cobalamin, ascorbic acid, and carotenoids; thus, Sp is used globally to improve broilers’ flesh and yolk production (Ross and Dominy 1990). Several studies concluded that dietary Sp supplementation increases feed
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