Effects of the actuation waveform on the drop size reduction in drop-on-demand inkjet printing
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RESEARCH PAPER
Effects of the actuation waveform on the drop size reduction in drop-on-demand inkjet printing Anas Bin Aqeel1,2 · Muhammad Mohasan1 · Pengyu Lv1 · Yantao Yang1 · Huiling Duan1,3 Received: 25 May 2020 / Revised: 16 June 2020 / Accepted: 16 June 2020 © The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study the effects of the actuation waveforms on the droplet generation in a drop-on-demand inkjet printing are studied systematically by numerical simulations. Two different types of waveforms, namely the unipolar and bipolar actuations, are investigated for three fluids with different physical properties. We focus on two key parameters, which are the dwell time and the velocity amplitude. For the unipolar driving, the ejection velocity and the ejected liquid volume are both increased as the velocity amplitude becomes larger. The dwell time only has minor effects on both the ejection velocity and the ejected liquid volume. The ejection velocity decreases significantly for large liquid viscosity, while the influences of viscosity on the ejected liquid volume are much weaker. Four different droplet morphologies and the corresponding parameter ranges are identified. The droplet radius can be successfully reduced to about 40% of the nozzle exit radius. For the bipolar waveforms, same droplet morphologies are observed but with shifted boundaries in the phase space. The minimal radius of stable droplet produced by the bipolar waveforms is even smaller compared to the unipolar ones. Keywords Drop-on-demand inkjet printing · Actuation waveform optimization · Droplet ejection · Printability range
1 Introduction Drop-on-demand (DOD) inkjet printing is an important method due to its great advantages in additive manufacturing techniques and has long been an active area of research [1–4]. Piezoelectric DOD drop formation is one of the most promising inkjet printing systems due to its abilities of using various different fluids, precisely controlling the droplet volume and speed, and developing small printing system [5–7]. The key issues in DOD printing are generating smaller droplets and suppressing satellite droplets, both of which
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Pengyu Lv [email protected] Yantao Yang [email protected]
1
SKLTCS and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2
Department of Mechatronics Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
3
Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Physics, Inertial Fusion Sciences and Application Collaborative Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
are beneficial to the printing performance [8]. Generally, the droplet size is comparable to the diameter of the nozzle orifice in DOD printing [8,9], a natural way to reduce the droplet size, then, to use nozzles with smaller orifice diameter . Nowadays the commercial printheads have the orifice dia
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