Efficacy and Feasibility of Indocyanine Green for Mapping Lymph Nodes in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients Undergoing Lap
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RESEARCH COMMUNICATION
Efficacy and Feasibility of Indocyanine Green for Mapping Lymph Nodes in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy Shuai Ma 1 & Yue-Ming Zhang 2 & Li-Zhou Dou 2 & Hao Liu 1 & Fu-Hai Ma 1 & Gui-Qi Wang 2 & Yan-Tao Tian 1 Received: 15 February 2020 / Accepted: 18 June 2020 # 2020 The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract
Keywords Gastric cancer . Indocyanine green . Navigation surgery . Efficacy . Feasibility
Introduction Indocyanine green (ICG) has been applied to gastric cancer surgery for sentinel lymph node mapping. Nevertheless, its efficacy and feasibility remain to be confirmed when ICG is used to map regional lymph nodes (LNs). Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the use of ICG for mapping LN dissection (LND) during laparoscopic distal gastrectomy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.
Patients were assigned into ICG group and a control group according to whether ICG was used. Protocol of this study is shown in Fig. 1. All continuous variables are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) or as the median with interquartile. Variables were compared with Mann-Whitney U test. All P values were from 2-sided tests, and the results were deemed statistically significant at P < 0.05. All statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics, version 23 for Mac (IBM Corp.).
Methods From December 2018 to August 2019, a total of 65 consecutive patients (pT2-4N0-3M0, except pT2N0M0) diagnosed with primary advanced gastric cancer and underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy in one group of Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery at the National Cancer Center, China, were finally retrospectively analyzed (a full list of inclusion and exclusion criteria is available in eTable 1 and eFig. 1 in Supplement). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-020-04706-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yan-Tao Tian [email protected] 1
Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
2
Department of Endoscopy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
Results Sixty-five patients were finally analyzed in this study, with 31 patients in the ICG group and 34 patients in the control group. There was no significant difference in clinicopathological characteristic baseline (shown in eTable 2 in Supplement), as well as perioperative surgical characteristic or short-term outcomes (estimated blood loss, operation time, hospital stay, time to first flatus, duration of postoperative fever, complications) between the two groups (shown in eTable 3 in Supplement). Two patients (2/31) in the ICG group developed anastomosis leakage and hydrotho
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