Efficiency of Cold Generation Cycles using Various Refrigerants
- PDF / 367,345 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 594 x 792 pts Page_size
- 101 Downloads / 157 Views
EFFICIENCY OF COLD GENERATION CYCLES USING VARIOUS REFRIGERANTS K. S. Krysanov,1 S. V. Belukov,1 N. V. Pribytkovskiy,1,2 and D. M. Dibirasulaev2
UDC 621.564
A comparative analysis of the use of energy-efficient ozone-friendly transitional and promising refrigerants in refrigerating units in various industry branches was carried out using a simple one-stage cycle and a two-stage cycle with an economizer as examples. Recommendations for the rational use of refrigerants in refrigeration systems for cooling and thermostatting various objects are given. Keywords: refrigeration systems, refrigerants, cycle, compressor, evaporator, condenser, mode parameters.
Refrigeration technology is used in various industry sectors, agriculture, medicine, sports, trade, and other economic spheres. Cold production is an energy-intensive process. Expenditures on electrical energy for cold generation reach up to 50% of the total energy demand in several food-industry plants [1]. Furthermore, the negative environmental impact of refrigeration technology must be considered in developing and operating refrigeration technology. Increased energy efficiency of refrigerating systems and ensuring industrial and ecological safety are nearterm critical problems. Special attention is being paid to refrigerants used in refrigerating systems because of several international environmental protection agreements. Currently, hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants (R22, R124, R142b) are still used in several countries and Russia (in limited amounts), despite adopted international agreements on reduction of the manufacturing and use of them. Since 2020, manufacturing and industrial use of R22 refrigerant has been prohibited in Russia. For 2020–2030, use of this refrigerant to service refrigerating units should be reduced to 0.5% of current volumes [1]. Refrigerator manufacturing (in various food-industry sectors, in wholesale trade) has been substantially modernized in the last 20 years because multi-ton installations based on ammonia have been decommissioned. Installations based on ammonia and R22 freon were replaced by equipment using transitional HCFC refrigerant mixtures (R401A, R402A, R416A, R411A, etc.) and transitional ozone-friendly hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants (R134A, R410A, R404A, R507A, etc.), which are currently widely used in Russia. Several researchers proposed alternative environmentally friendly non-freon refrigerating units based on vacuum-evaporation systems [2] and natural cold-generation installations [3]. However, these promising solutions have not been widely implemented in practice. It is noteworthy that ozone-friendly transitional HCFC and HFC freons typically increase the potential for global warming. Several of them are characterized by temperature glide. They all are very expensive as compared to natural refrigerants such as ammonia, propane, isobutane, and CO2. Furthermore, the use of mixed HFC 1 2
Moscow Polytechnic University, Russia.
VNIHI, Branch of V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Rus
Data Loading...
