Elastoplastic Properties of Polylactide Composites with Finely Divided Fillers
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ELASTOPLASTIC PROPERTIES OF POLYLACTIDE COMPOSITES WITH FINELY DIVIDED FILLERS А. S. Masyuk,1 Kh. V. Kysil,1 D. S. Katruk,1 V. I. Skorokhoda,1 L. M. Bilyi,2, 3 and Т. V. Humenetskyi1
UDC 678
By using the modular-deformation method of calculations, we established the influence of finely divided filler (talc) and additional heat treatment on the elastoplastic properties of polylactide materials. We detected the changes in the modulus of deformation, elasticity modulus, and thermomechanical characteristics of polylactide composites. The maximum values of the moduli and melting point were observed for thermally treated specimens with a talc content of 2 wt.%. We determined the fractions of the elastic, plastic, and highly elastic components in the total deformation of polylactide materials and showed that the fraction of the plastic component decreases after thermal treatment and as a result of introduction of the filler. It was also discovered that the level of hardness and structure factor of the obtained materials noticeably increase as a result of the introduction of talc and additional thermal treatment. Keywords: polylactide, elastoplastic properties, talc, thermal treatment, composite, modification, degree of crystallinity.
Introduction At present, polymers and composites based on polymers are among the most widespread materials in all spheres of human activity [1, 2]. The processes of manufacturing of polymeric products are characterized by the availability of raw materials, low power intensity and labor input, and simplicity of the technologies. At the same time, polymeric materials are rarely used repeatedly because secondary polymeric raw materials have numerous significant disadvantages: incompatibility with each other, high degrees of contamination of the secondary raw materials, noticeable degradation of the operating and technological characteristics after repeated processing, wide range of colors, etc. Therefore, polymers and polymer-based materials exert an increasingly harmful influence on the ambient medium. This is why the application of biodegradable polymers capable of regulated decomposition in the environment under the action of external factors (humidity, heat, microorganisms, ultraviolet radiation, etc.) realized with the possibility of recovery of their initial raw materials is currently regarded as the most acceptable and generally recognized direction in the development of the chemistry and technology of polymeric materials [3, 4]. As the most promising among these polymers, we can mention polylactide (PLA), i.e., a biocompatible biodegradable thermoplastic polymeric material obtained from recoverable raw materials [5, 6]. Moreover, there exist wide possibilities of modifying PLA and creation of composites based on this material, which makes it possible to obtain materials with required properties for specific applications. In particular, as a result of 1 2 3
“Lviv Polytechnic Institute” National University, Lviv, Ukraine.
Karpenko Physicomechanical Institute, Ukrainian National Academy
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