Electric Distribution Network Planning
This book highlights the latest research advances in the planning and management of electric distribution networks. It addresses various aspects of distribution network management including planning, operation, customer engagement, and technology accommod
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Farhad Shahnia Ali Arefi Gerard Ledwich Editors
Electric Distribution Network Planning
Power Systems
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/4622
Farhad Shahnia Ali Arefi Gerard Ledwich •
Editors
Electric Distribution Network Planning
123
Editors Farhad Shahnia School of Engineering and Information Technology Murdoch University Perth, WA Australia
Gerard Ledwich Faculty of Science and Engineering Queensland University of Technology Brisbane, QLD Australia
Ali Arefi School of Engineering and Information Technology Murdoch University Perth, WA Australia
ISSN 1612-1287 ISSN 1860-4676 (electronic) Power Systems ISBN 978-981-10-7055-6 ISBN 978-981-10-7056-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7056-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018935954 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. part of Springer Nature The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
Electric distribution networks are critical parts of power delivery systems. In recent years, many new technologies and distributed energy resources have been integrated into these networks. To provide electricity at the possible lowest cost and at required quality, long-term planning is essential for these networks. In distribution planning, optimal location and size of necessary upgrades are determined to satisfy the demand and the technical requirements of the loads and to tackle uncertainties associated with load and distributed energy resources. To this aim, an optimization algorithm is utilized to find the optimal net present cost of augmentation over the planning period. The distribution network is usually formulated as a mixed-i
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