Electrical network analysis in an electrolytic copper refinery
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ing t h i s m o d e l h a s b e e n a p p l i e d to e x a m i n e the effect of s h o r t c i r c u i t s on o v e r a l l c u r r e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n . Some of the r e s u l t s a r e given h e r e as e x a m p l e s of the utility of this p r o g r a m . I. DISCUSSION The e l e c t r o l y t i c p r o c e s s t h a t t a k e s p l a c e b e t w e e n the a n o d e - c a t h o d e p a i r , the b a s i c b u i l d i n g b l o c k of the tank house, i l l u s t r a t e d in F i g . 1, is c o m p l e x , involving s o m e twenty odd v a r i a b l e s , a l l of which have v a r y i n g d e g r e e s of effect upon o p e r a t i o n a l e f f i c i e n c y . When v i e w i n g the e n t i r e tank h o u s e r a t h e r than a s i n g l e a n o d e - c a t h o d e p a i r , the m a g n i t u d e of the p r o c e s s , but not n e c e s s a r i l y the c o m p l e x i t y , is i n c r e a s e d . The tank house is m a d e up of m a n y s e c t i o n s c o m p o s e d of t h e s e a n o d e - c a t h o d e p a i r s . They a r e g r o u p e d t o g e t h e r in s e r i e s , but e l e c t r i c a l l y c o n n e c t e d in p a r a l l e l to f o r m c e l l s . The c e l l s then a r e g r o u p e d t o g e t h e r and conn e c t e d e l e c t r i c a l l y in s e r i e s to f o r m s e c t i o n s . The s i z e of the c e l l s and s e c t i o n s is l i m i t e d only b y the p h y s i c a l r e s t r i c t i o n s of a v a i l a b l e m a t e r i a l handling e q u i p m e n t and the e l e c t r i c a l c a p a c i t y of the a v a i l a b l e current source. II. PHYSICAL AND E L E C T R I C A L INTERCONNECTION The p h y s i c a l and e l e c t r i c a l i n t r a c o n n e c t i o n method between individual anode-cathode pairs differs greatly f o r the d i f f e r e n t e l e c t r o r e f i n i n g s y s t e m s used. Only the m u l t i p l e o r Elkington s y s t e m , of c e l l i n t r a c o n n e c tion, and the Whitehead a r r a n g e m e n t f o r c e l l i n t e r c o n nection a r e d i s c u s s e d h e r e . The two i m p o r t a n t functions that m u s t be p e r f o r m e d b y an i n t e r c o n n e c t i o n a r r a n g e m e n t , a r e f i r s t and m o s t obvious, the p a s s i n g of e l e c t r i c a l c u r r e n t f r o m one c e l l to the next, in a s e c t i o n w h e r e the c e l l s a r e e l e c t r i c a l l y connected in s e r i e s . Second is an a t t e m p t to m a i n t a i n equal c u r r e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n b e t w e e n the p a r a l l e l c o n n e c t e d a n o d e - c a t h o d e p a i r s within e a c h c e l l . This s e c VOLUME 6B, MARCH 1975-19
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Fig. 1--Basic e l e c t r o r e f i n i n g cell.
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ENLARGED VIEW OF INTERCONNECTION AT BALTIMORE GROOVE
Fig. 2--Typical B a l t i m o r e Groove (Whitehead System). E l e c t r o l y t i c Refining I n t e r connection Drawing.
20-VOLUME6B, MARCH 1975
METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONSB
ond function, if t o t a l l y f u l f i l l e d b y an i n t e r c o n n e c t i o n s y s t e m , would e
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