Unraveling bacterial diversity in oil refinery effluents
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Unraveling bacterial diversity in oil refinery effluents Thabile Lukhele1 · Hlengilizwe Nyoni1 · Bhekie Brilliance Mamba1,2 · Titus Alfred Makudali Msagati1,3 Received: 2 May 2020 / Revised: 1 September 2020 / Accepted: 30 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Oil refinery effluents are among stressful environments, and they are characterized by alkaline pH, high concentrations of dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, and metals (mainly Fe, Al, B, Sr, Mn, Cu, Ni). In this study, bacterial diversity in these habitats was inferred from full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from the P acBio® sequencing platform. The results have shown low bacterial diversity in both raw and treated effluents, with sequences representing only two phyla: Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Sequences from the raw effluents represent four major genera: Bacillus, Wenzhouxiangella, Rhodabaculum, and Halomonas. Whilst bacterial communities from the treated effluents are relatively more diverse as sequences represent five dominant genera: Pseudoxanthomonas, Brevundimonas, Pseudomonas, Rhodobaculum and Rhizobium. Most of the genera represented in the dataset are halophilic or halotolerant microbes known to have the competency to catabolize a broad spectrum of organic and inorganic pollutants. Hypothetically, these bacteria may be relevant for biotechnological and industrial applications, particularly for the remediation of saline industrial wastes. Keywords Petrochemical wastewaters · Bacterial diversity · PacBio sequencing · 16S rRNA gene
Introduction Communicated by Erko stackebrandt. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02062-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Titus Alfred Makudali Msagati [email protected] Thabile Lukhele [email protected] Hlengilizwe Nyoni [email protected] Bhekie Brilliance Mamba [email protected] 1
Institute of Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
2
State Key Laboratory of Separation and Membranes, Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Membrane Science and Technology, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
3
School of Life Sciences and Bio‑Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Tengeru, P O Box 447, Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania
The petroleum refining industry is a huge business which deals with the transformation of crude oil into final useful products that include gasoline, gas oil, kerosene, and jet fuel (Coelho et al. 2006). The overall refining process involves several separation and treatment stages that use substantially large volumes of water, which subsequently results into the generation of enormous volumes of highly contaminated wastewater. The actual quantity and
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