Electrical Properties of the PVDF-Lead-Free Ceramic-Based Composite Film for Sensor Applications
The ceramic-polymer composites were prepared by mixing 0.7Bi(Fe0.98Ga0.02)O3-0.3BaTiO3 (BFBTO) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), taken at various weight ratios 5, 10, and 15% processed by solvent-casting technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra
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Abstract The ceramic-polymer composites were prepared by mixing 0.7Bi(Fe0.98 Ga0.02 )O3 -0.3BaTiO3 (BFBTO) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), taken at various weight ratios 5, 10, and 15% processed by solvent-casting technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra depict combined phases (α−, β− and γ −) of the PVDF and tetragonal phase of BFBTO. The surface morphology was examined by scanning electron micrograph showing the spread of lead-free BFBTO filler on matrix PVDF. The rise in filler content, in the PVDF matrix, enhances dielectric constant and remnant polarization. The Nyquist plot suggests the contribution of grain and grain boundary effect. The composite films shall be useful for various self-power sensors. Keywords PVDF · XRD · Nyquist plot · Dielectric constant B. K. Panigrahi (B) · S. Hajra Department of Electrical Engineering, ITER, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India e-mail: [email protected] S. Hajra e-mail: [email protected] V. Purohit Department of Physics, ITER, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India e-mail: [email protected] V. Pal Department of Materials Science and Technology, IIT, BHU, Varanasi 221005, India e-mail: [email protected] K. Mohanta Department of Ceramic Engineering, IIT, BHU, Varanasi 221005, India e-mail: [email protected] S. K. M. Ali Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Trident Academy of Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India e-mail: [email protected] © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 R. Sharma et al. (eds.), Green Technology for Smart City and Society, Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 151, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8218-9_3
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1 Introduction The sensors industry has been widely explored because of its inclusion in several applications [1–3]. So, the deployment of sensor networks enables uninterrupted structural integrity monitoring of an aircraft, providing crucial information on operation condition, deformation, and potential damage to the structure. There is a global alert of several lead-based pollution and toxicity which bars the usage of lead in future electronics. Therefore, the quest has been generated to develop multiferroic materials having several ferroic orders like ferroelectricity, ferroelasticity, and ferromagnetism serving toward device applications such as sensors, memories, and energy harvesters [4]. Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3 , BFO) have high polarization and chemical stability [5]. BFO-BaTiO3 based lead-free solid solutions bear a high T c (i.e., 580 °C) with superior electrical properties. The ceramic materials are brittle which hinders the application of the ceramic fillers in flexible device design, so researchers develop a method of using polymer-ceramic composites comprising excellent flexibility. The ferroelectric PVDF matrix as polymer has better piezoelectric properties and can be fabricated by sev
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