Relationship of Mathematical and Structural Modeling of the Electrical Conducting Properties of Composite Film Fibers wi
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Fibre Chemistry, Vol. 52, No. 3, September, 2020 (Russian Original No. 3, May-June, 2020)
RELATIONSHIP OF MATHEMATICAL AND STRUCTURAL MODELING OF THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTING PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE FILM FIBERS WITH ISOTROPIC AND ANISOTROPIC CARBON NANOFILLERS E. S. Tsobkallo, D. V. Vol’nova, and G. P. Meshcheryakova
UDC 51-73
Relationships are established between the parameters of mathematical models describing the change of electrical resistance of a thermoplastic polymer matrix filled with various types of conducting carbon particles and physical models allowing features of experimental concentration dependences of orientationally drawn composites to be explained. The difference between anisotropic and isotropic fillers is explained. The structuring mechanism of conducting chains of both types of fillers and their destruction with four- and eight-fold drawing of the polymer are illustrated.
New-generation fibrous materials are primarily those with sets of operational characteristics required for specific applications. The demand for such materials has risen especially because of the widespread used of technical items. Traditional fibrous materials possess a variety of structures and a broad spectrum of operational properties. However, several very important common signatures occur for all types of fibers with various structures and properties. All fibrous materials, i.e., natural, artificial, and synthetic, as a rule, are macromolecular compounds. This means that fibrous materials, especially synthetic ones, are mostly dielectrics, i.e., have rather low electrical conductivity that generates under certain conditions a large static charge on the surface of items made of them. Static electricity presents serious fire and explosion hazards in manufacturing and transportation, especially in the presence of mixtures, dusts, and vapors of highly flammable liquids. Static electricity has adverse effects on a human body wearing items made of synthetic textiles. This creates a hygienic need to normalize the limiting permissible electrostatic field strength. The corresponding means of protection must be used if the field strength exceeds the permissible level. Therefore, the fabrication of textiles made of threads and fibers with lower electrical resistance has become problematical for manufacturing household, technical, and special items made of textiles. One of the most popular applications of such materials involves limiting the accumulation of static charge on the material surface and shielding electric fields [1]. Synthetic fibers can be electrostatically protected in two ways, i.e., by eliminating the source of static charges and by increasing their rate of neutralization or dissipation. Substances that reduce the surface and bulk electrical resistance of polymer fibers are added to increase the dissipation rate of charges. Such additives include electrically conducting coatings and fillers [technical carbon (TC), graphite, carbon fibers, metal powders, etc.). The use of electrically conducting fillers is the most
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