Electrical Resistance of Metals
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THE INTERNATIONAL CRYOGENICS MONOGRAPH SERIES General Editors
Dr. K. Mendelssohn, F. R. S. The Clarendon Laboratory Oxford, England
H. J. Goldsmid G. T. Meaden
Dr. K. D. Timmerhaus University of Colorado Bou/der, Colorado
Thermoelectric Refrigeration, 1964 Electrica! Resistance of M etals, 1965
Volumes in preparation
D. H. Parkinson and B. Mulhall J. L. Olsen and S. Gygax A. J. Croft and P. V. E. McClintock G. K. Gaule E. S. Raja Gopal M. G. Zabetakis F. B. Canfield W. E. Keller S. Ramaseshan P. Glaser and A. Wechsler
Very High Magnetic Fields Superconductivity for Engineers Cryogenic Laboratory Equipment Superconductivity in Elements, Alloys, and Compounds Specific Heats at Low Temperatures Cryogenic Safety Low-Temperature Phase Equilibria Helium-3 and Helium-4 Low-Temperature Crystallography Cryogenic Insulation Systems
ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE OF METALS George Terence Meaden
M.A., D.Phil. (Oxon), A.Inst.P., F.R.Met.S. Centre de Recherches sur les Tres Basses Temperatures F aculte des Sciences Universite de Grenoble France
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC 1965
ISBN 978-1-4899-5719-1 ISBN 978-1-4899-5717-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-5717-7
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 64-23243 ©1965 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Plenum Press in 1965 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1965
All rights reserved
This book is dedicated affectionately to my parents
Preface This book has been written chiefly in mind of the needs of scientists and engineers who require a full and current presentation of the experimental facts together with a relatively concise account of the modern theory of the electrical resistance of metals and alloys. While all the essential groundwork on the behavior of the resistance of metals has been covered in this treatment, no pretense is made that any part of the theory is exhaustively covered; resistance measurements on metals embrace many broad fields and fringe on so many others that without much difficulty all the chapters of the present book could easily have been expanded into extensive volumes in their own right. In particular, to those reviewers who may claim that Chapters 5 and 6 are perhaps too condensed, I say at once that whole books, fine review articles, and conference proceedings already exist on such subjects as imperfections in metals, magnetic-field and pressure effects, and the irradiation damage of metals. Also, the section on superconductivity has been deliberately kept short because a companion monograph on this topic is presently being prepared by Dr. Gygax and Professor Olsen. In brief, this book may be said to be an introduction to the subject of electrical resistance in metals that can be understood by anyone with a university science degree who has made some study of solid state and atomic physics, and can be used by anyone who seeks to obtain experimental resistivity data tabulated herein on the pure metals or who desires to make resistivity measurements for himself. One especial aim has been to scour
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