Electrocardiogram measurements in water using poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) nanosheets water
- PDF / 763,387 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 612 x 792 pts (letter) Page_size
- 104 Downloads / 152 Views
Research Letter
Electrocardiogram measurements in water using poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) nanosheets waterproofed by polyurethane film Sho Mihara, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan Hui-Lin Lee, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Singapore Polytechnic, 500 Dover Road, Singapore 139651, Singapore Shinji Takeoka, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan Address all correspondence to Shinji Takeoka at [email protected] (Received 3 June 2020; accepted 11 September 2020)
Abstract Waterproof bioelectrodes enable long-term biological monitoring and the assessment of performances of athletes in water. Existing gel electrodes change their electrical properties even when covered with a waterproof film. Here, the authors present the poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (SBS) bi-layer nanosheet and waterproof film for a comfortable waterproof bioelectrode. PEDOT:PSS/SBS is fully foldable with a conductivity loss of only 5%. This foldable nanosheet electrode provides a reliable electrical connection between the skin and the wire. The waterproof film-covered bioelectrode enables continuous monitoring of electrocardiograms in water, showing a signal-to-noise ratio of 21.5 dB for the R wave and 17.5 dB for the T wave, comparable to atmospheric measurements, and sensing a change in heart rate from 79 to 131 bpm during bathing.
Introduction A recent development in electronic manufacturing technology has significantly contributed to the miniaturization and mass production of medical devices.[1] Research on the daily sensing of biological signals and markers using advanced medical devices is currently receiving great attention[2–4] to promote “healthy life expectancy” with the extension of life expectancy worldwide.[5] With infectious diseases such as COVID-19, which is currently spreading worldwide and the ensuing “emergency lockdowns implemented by various Governments,” individuals prone to chronic diseases may face fatal outcomes in their home settings if disease signs and symptoms are unchecked. The detection of sudden changes in physical conditions can be achieved online with biosensing devices, with appropriate follow-up treatments suggested.[6] Therefore, a method for reliable electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements is desired for the early detection of cardiovascular diseases, which seriously threaten our lives.[7] The primary method of measuring ECG is to apply a conductive hydrogel electrode to the skin surface, but it is not easy to use such an electrode during daily life because gel swells with water. The swollen gel changes its electrical properties and easily detaches from the skin, preventing the continuation of ECG measurements. This problem may b
Data Loading...
