Electrochemical investigation of Zr-doped ZnO nanostructured electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Electrochemical investigation of Zr-doped ZnO nanostructured electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor M. Dhivya Angelin 1,2 & S. Rajkumar 3 & J. Princy Merlin 3 & A. Robert Xavier 2 & M. Franklin 4 & A. T. Ravichandran 2 Received: 18 April 2020 / Revised: 20 June 2020 / Accepted: 29 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Simple electrochemical capacitors are promising energy storage devices because of their power capability, charge/discharge rates and life cycle. Zinc oxide is an inexpensive and eco-friendly material which can be used as a supercapacitor electrode relative to other materials with great features. With a view to enhance the electrochemical performance of ZnO (Csp of 324), the present work is focused to synthesize modified ZnO nanostructures by the dopant Zr in three different compositions (3, 6 and 9 wt% Zrdoped ZnO) via chemical coprecipitation method. The synthesized materials were characterized by physio-chemical methods. The significant capacitive behaviour of ZnO and modified ZnO and 9 wt%Zr-doped ZnO nanostructure were investigated by cyclic voltammetric (CV) studies, galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) methods in aqueous 1 M KOH. The newly fabricated 9 wt% Zr-doped ZnO electrode exhibited excellent specific capacitance of 518 Fg−1 at a current density of 1 Ag−1. Additionally, it depicted the capacitance retention of 94% even after 5000 successive GCD cycles. Moreover, the as-prepared materials demonstrated electrochemical reversible nature. Keywords Zr-doped ZnO nanostructure . Cyclic voltammetry . Supercapacitor . Specific capacitance
Introduction Our day-to-day life has raised enormous demand for flexible and extremely effective energy storage devices such as supercapacitors (SCs), which are featured with huge power density, rapid charge/discharge rate, lightweight, easy handling and * J. Princy Merlin [email protected] * A. T. Ravichandran [email protected] 1
PG & Research Department of Physics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 017, India
2
PG & Research Department of Physics, National College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 001, India
3
PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 017, India
4
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering & Technology, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630 003, India
excellent stability. It is noteworthy to mention that in SCs, the electrode material plays a vital role towards the capacitive properties and hence, fabricating electrodes with fascinating capacitive properties holds great promise to achieve the demand for efficient SCs. The most significant goal in the fabrication of the energy storage device is to make it thin, small and easy to carry for everyda
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