Synthesis and characterization of rGO/Fe 2 O 3 nanocomposite as an efficient supercapacitor electrode material
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Synthesis and characterization of rGO/Fe2O3 nanocomposite as an efficient supercapacitor electrode material Zeinab Abasali karaj abad1 · Ali Nemati1 · Adrine Malek Khachatourian1 · Mohammad Golmohammad2 Received: 16 April 2020 / Accepted: 21 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The reduced graphene oxide-Fe2O3 (rGO-Fe2O3) nanocomposites were synthesized by a facile and low-cost hydrothermal method employing rGO and Iron (III) nitrate precursors. The synthesis parameters including the reduction time and presence of reduction aid are studied. The structural and morphological studies of the nanocomposites were investigated by using Raman spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that F e2O3 nanoparticles with average particle size of 25 nm are well anchored on graphene sheets and the weight percent of the nanoparticles in the nanocomposites was influenced by the reduction time. The as-synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by a three-electrode system using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge–discharge in 1 M KOH aqueous solution. The electrodes made of rGO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite synthesized by urea as reduction aid showed a high specific capacitance of 291 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 in the potential range of − 1 to 0 V. The best electrochemical performance of urea reducted rGO-Fe2O3 nanocomposites is basically attributed to the effect of Fe2O3 nanoparticles in preventing the restacking of rGO sheets.
1 Introduction Among energy storage devices, electrochemical capacitors (ECs) have gained particular interest because of their distinguished power density (that is higher than batteries) and energy density (that is higher than dielectric capacitors). Choosing the right electrode material has an essential effect on the electrochemical performance of ECs. Carbon materials, conductive polymers, and transition metal oxide or nitrides are three groups of electrode materials used in ECs [1–5]. Among metal oxides, α-Fe2O3 is a promising transition metal oxide for using as electrode material in ECs. It is relatively cheap and has high theoretical capacitance, abundant chemical valences, and environmentally friendly nature. On the other hand, α-Fe2O3 does not possess high electrical conductivity ( 10−4 Ω−1 m−1 for bulk and 2.5 × 10−3 Ω−1 m−1 for nanostructures) which prevents developing a * Adrine Malek Khachatourian [email protected] 1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Renewable Energy Department, Niroo Research Institute (NRI), Tehran, Iran
2
suitable electrode material with high specific capacitance [6]. To overcome this problem, two useful strategies including combining hematite with carbon materials and conductive polymers are suggested [7]. Graphene with a unique 2D layered structure, known as one of the most important members of the carbon materials
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