Elites, Ideas, and the Evolution of Public Policy

Seen from the outside, the world of politics and policy-making seems to be in constant flux. Combining theoretical analysis with primary research, this book brings new light to the neglected problem of why individuals with a vested interest in current pol

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ELITES, IDEAS, AND THE EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC POLICY William Genieys and Marc Smyrl

Foreword by Peter A. Hall

ELITES, IDEAS, AND THE EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC POLICY

Copyright © William Genieys and Marc Smyrl, 2008. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2008 978-0-230-60594-7 All rights reserved. First published in 2008 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™ 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries.

ISBN 978-1-349-60321-3 ISBN 978-0-230-61299-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230612990 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Genieys, William. Elites, ideas, and the evolution of public policy / by William Genieys and Marc Smyrl. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Policy sciences. 2. Public administration. 3. Comparative government. I. Smyrl, Marc E., 1960– II. Title. H97.G473 2008 320.6—dc22

2007047317

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: July 2008 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Transferred to Digital Printing 2009

A Pierre Birnbaum et Stanley Hoffmann, nos premiers maîtres, qui nous ont transmis l’héritage de Raymond Aron

CONTENTS

Foreword by Peter A. Hall

ix

List of Contributors

xvii

Acknowledgments

xix

1. The Problem of Policy Change

1

2. Competing Elites, Legitimate Authority, Structured Ideas

19

3. Interests in Question ● Service Trade Liberalization and Corporate Lobbying in the US and EU Cornelia Woll ● The Politics of Food Labeling: Europe, the New World, and the WTO Andy Smith

53

4. Elite Actors and Policy Innovation ● A New Model for Primary Healthcare in Catalonia Xavier Ballart ● French Regional Elites and EC Regional Development Policy Marc Smyrl 5. Reasserting Control ● US-Canada Free Trade and the Redefinition of Canadian National Interest Stephanie R. Golob ● The End of Conscription in France Jean Joana 6. Preemptive Adaptation ● Reforming French Social Welfare Policy William Genieys

54

67 85 86

95 113 115 124 139 140

viii

CONTENTS

The French Cement Industry and the New Politics of the Environment Laura Michel

152

7. Accounting for Change: The Role of Programmatic Elites

169

Bibliography

191

Index

205



FOREWORD Peter A. Hall

T

his is an important book. It appears at a time when institutionalist analysis has reached a zenith, providing the principal framework from which public policymaking is understood. To such lines of thought, like Hamlet, it says: “there are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy.” The correctives it supplies can be read with profit by anyone interested in how public policy i