Ellipsoid-of-Revolution to Tangential Plane

Mapping the ellipsoid-of-revolution to a tangential plane. Azimuthal projections in the normal aspect (polar aspect): equidistant, conformal, equiareal, and perspective mapping.

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Map Projections Cartographic Information Systems Second Edition

Erik W. Grafarend Rey-Jer You Rainer Syffus Map Projections

Erik W. Grafarend Rey-Jer You Rainer Syffus

Map Projections Cartographic Information Systems Second Edition

With 286 Figures

123

Erik W. Grafarend Department of Geodetic Sciences Stuttgart University Stuttgart Germany

Rey-Jer You Department of Geomatics National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

Rainer Syffus ESG Elektroniksystem- und Logistik GmbH Fuerstenfeldbruck Germany

ISBN 978-3-642-36493-8 ISBN 978-3-642-36494-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-36494-5 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014947109 c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014  This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

Second Edition We begin with a friendly advice to our readers. Please, try an online map projection forum. Do at least study the exercises. Remember: No one expects a guitarist to learn to play by going to concerts in Central Park or by spending hours reading transcriptions of Jimi Hendrix solos. Guitarists practice! Guitarists play the guitar until their fingertips are calloused. Similarly, map projectors solve problems. Of course, if you do not know the prerequisites, you are not be abl