Empirical evaluation of CMMN models: a collaborative process case study
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Empirical evaluation of CMMN models: a collaborative process case study Ioannis Routis1
· Mara Nikolaidou1 · Dimosthenis Anagnostopoulos1
Received: 16 November 2018 / Revised: 29 March 2020 / Accepted: 27 April 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Case Management Model and Notation (CMMN) was introduced by the Object Management Group as an alternative modeling language, targeting human-centric processes characterized by lack of structure and agility. However, although it is adequately supported by well-known process management tools, CMMN applicability as a modeling language is being questioned in practice. In this work, an empirical evaluation of CMMN models is presented, through a real-world case study where CMMN has been used for the analysis and implementation of a collaborative process by independent groups of process engineers. Their experience is being discussed, based on their modeling perspective. The produced models in the analysis and implementation phase are evaluated, using pre-existing metrics customized for CMMN. Based on the experience of engineers, CMMN applicability is evaluated, highlighting aspects in which its application might be limited, that should be addressed. Keywords Process modeling · Collaborative processes · Modeling perspectives · Case Management Model and Notation · Evaluation metrics · Empirical evaluation
1 Introduction Collaborative processes are recursive ones, relatively complex, normally developed and shared among a group of stakeholders with different goals and skills, working together, sharing knowledge, learning and building consensus [6]. Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), well known for its structural philosophy, is not efficient for modeling such processes, as BPMN work-flows are designed to be strict, non-adaptive to changes as well as not supportive to decision-making and collaboration [5,25,30,38]. On the other hand, there are alternative-to-BPMN languages proposed to model collaborative processes [2,5,8,9,40]. One of the main differences between languages like BPMN and such efforts is the paradigm shift from prescriptive to declarative [7]. Communicated by Rainer Schmidt and Jens Gulden.
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Ioannis Routis [email protected] Mara Nikolaidou [email protected] Dimosthenis Anagnostopoulos [email protected]
1
Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
However, none of these languages has been established as a standard. To this end, the Case Management Model and Notation (CMMN) was introduced by the Object Management Group (OMG), to facilitate and support organizations that would prefer to view their processes as cases, where participants exchange data and ideas to fulfill a specific goal, while there are no strict rules governing their interaction [20]. According to OMG, CMMN may aid in the decision making process through suggestions, yet keeps humans firmly in the driver’s seat. CMMN is centered around living information and relationships, while BPMN is centered around a-priori defined activity sequen
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