Energetic Perspective of Off-road Vehicle Mobility
Energy flow analysis in off-road vehicles is of primary subjects in energetic analysis of off-road vehicles. One should bear in mind that the energy dissipation in off-road vehicles is more significant than on-road vehicles due to the size of these vehicl
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Energetic Perspective of Off-road Vehicle Mobility
Nomenclature W P c k y_ ms mu Fa y v0 S0 Gr x yb Y η f F V E
Work Power Damping coefficient Spring stiffness Velocity Sprung mass Unsprung mass Active force Displacement Reference spatial frequency Displacement PSD at v0 Road-roughness coefficient Frequency Tire road input profile Harmonic function magnitude Frequency ratio Damping ratio Force Velocity Energy
Energy flow analysis in off-road vehicles is of primary subjects in energetic analysis of off-road vehicles. One should bear in mind that the energy dissipation in off-road vehicles is more significant than on-road vehicles due to the size of these vehicles and difficult operating condition of off-road vehicles. Rolling resistance, suspension system, tires, and brake system are the main sources of energy dissipation in off-road vehicles and steps should be taken to recapture the dissipated energy.
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 H. Taghavifar and A. Mardani, Off-road Vehicle Dynamics, Studies in Systems, Decision and Control 70, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42520-7_4
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4 Energetic Perspective of Off-road Vehicle Mobility
Energy and Power Sources for Off-road Vehicle Mobility
It is well documented in the literature that based on the investigation performed by California Energy Commission (CEC) on light trucks and by applying the low-motion resistance tires, it was concluded that in the case that all light truck tires in California were changed to low-rolling resistance tires, the energy recapturing could be approximately 1135623.53 m3/y of gasoline [1]. This figure focuses on the result of correct management of optimized rolling resistance on energy recapturing. The motion resistance of a tire during the traversing is quantified on the basis that it is in the subject of hysteresis losses of the rubber in repetitive deformation. In terrain running condition, energy loss is increased due to both hysteresis losses in cyclic deformation of the rubber and also soil deformation under the traversing wheel. Mobility progression and enhanced fuel efficiency of off-road vehicles are contradictory technical problems to be achieved simultaneously, since in order to improve vehicle mobility, it is usually required to have extra fuel available, and the optimization of fuel consumption reduces the vehicle mobility [2]. Motion resistance, soil sinkage and skid are of the most prominent factors for the determination of the performance characteristics of a towed wheel, amongst which, motion resistance is the most fundamental performance parameter of the towed pneumatic wheel [3]. It is, however, well documented in literature that motion resistance is commonly influenced by tire parameters and system parameters, including traditional design parameters of the tire such as diameter, section width, section height, inflation pressure and load deflection relationship. It is believed that these parameters have varying degree of influence on tire soil interaction [4]. To study the interaction between wheel and
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